I followed some guides to install an onscreen keyboard (matchbox-keyboard) and create a toggle button but for some reason the default layout that was installed for me is missing everything but basic shift, enter, backspace, space, and letters. The guides screenshots at least also had numbers and navigation keys. How can I change to a layout with more keys?
You need to change/create the default xml template in your home folder. You can find some example templates at /usr/share/matchbox-keyboard/. I liked the keyboard-lq1.xml the best, though it still isn't much to look at (at least on my screen).
matchbox is a very primitive virtual keyboard. If you're open to other options I recommend checking out Onboard which makes theming & customization much easier. On raspbian you will also need the at-spi2-core module
Options like language specific layouts aren't tested or implemented. Examples should be sufficient to understand how to add further keys. Some controls are missing or not really tested. Feel free to make improvements. Besides this code to be saved as keyboard.xml, you may want to create the PNG files arrow_down, arrow_up, arrow_left, arrow_right, arrow_up_1, caps and caps_up in your .matchbox directory.
I have had the same problem. I could not find a good solution online so by working with the /usr/share/matchbox-keyboard/keyboard.xml configuration file, the spacing of the different rows determines the font size. Here is the configuration file that works for me.
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