Greenfielddevelopment can also be understood in context of other versions of development, namely brownfield and greyfield development as well as redevelopment. All of these terms describe development in areas already developed for residential, commercial, or industrial uses. Existing structures, infrastructure, and pollution from pre-existing uses will complicate the development of brownfield and greyfield sites.
It follows that greenfield developments are most frequently found outside the developed extent of metropolitan areas. However, greenfields can also be found in the remaining natural areas or in-between spaces of a developed metropolitan area, such as near a waterway or near a highway off-ramp.
Some definitions of greenfield development will exclude agricultural land, but most definitions, including the term's origins in the U.K., include land previously devoted to agriculture. All definitions include natural open areas like grasslands, forests, or wetlands, for example. Greenfield development can be a controversial proposal, subject to the political opposition of environmentalists. Greenfield development can be limited or prohibited by regulations. Oregon, the United Kingdom, and Ventura County, California, offer three of the most frequently cited examples of jurisdictions that set boundaries for the horizontal expansion of developed areas, usually called urban growth boundaries.
To this day, developers and officials will look to greenfield sites for development opportunities free of the political and financial constraints of redevelopment of brownfield sites. There are simply fewer people to oppose a project on greenfield land, as well as fewer existing development interests to build around.
According to a paper published by the Urban Land Institute, "greenfield development offers the most practical, affordable, and achievable chance to build." According to this paper it's possible to develop on greenfield sites without incurring the negative consequences of sprawl and exurban growth.
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