The astronauts on the moon had the same problem as the photos - their eyes were adapted to the light levels reflected from the moon's surface, so it was almost as hard to see the stars as it is to see them from Earth during the day.
Astronaut William Anders said in an interview that on the way to the moon (the first time men ever made this trip), they could see very few stars, until the Apollo 8 spacecraft passed into the shadow of the moon. With all direct sunlight now blocked, they could see every imaginable star, to the point where constellations became difficult to make out.
This doesn't cover all cases, but you can load a planetarium app like Stellarium, go do a date/time with a full moon at the right position in the sky, and what the sky looks like from the Earth would be the starfield as seen from the dark side of the moon.
Folding Waldorf window stars is a fun and simple craft. You can make basic designs that are easy enough to involve young children or add additional steps to create more intricate shapes. Folding the colorful kite paper during quiet time is a relaxing way to center and focus your mind. They are beautiful when displayed in the window with light filtering through or hanging above a nature table in seasonal colors.
Technically, the moon and Earth share the same celestial longitude, an alignment called a conjunction. Celestial longitude is a projection of Earth's own longitude lines on the sky; during new moons, if you drew a line from the pole star due south through the sun, it would hit the moon. Since the illuminated side of the moon faces away from Earth, new moons are invisible to ground-based observers, unless the moon passes directly in front of the sun, which creates a solar eclipse.
After the new moon, on Saturday (Sept. 16), at 3:20 p.m. EDT, New York City observers will see the moon make a close pass to Mars, passing within 39 arcminutes of the planet. That's just over half a degree, or one lunar diameter. As with the Mercury conjunction, it will be during the day, so the pair won't be readily visible until the evening. Even though the moment of conjunction will have passed, the sun sets at 7:03 p.m., and at that point the moon will be a thin crescent about 8 degrees above the western horizon. Mars will be just slightly below and to the right of the moon, at just under 8 degrees high. The moon and Mars still won't be easy to spot unless you have a clear western horizon free of any buildings or tall trees. Both set by about 7:49 p.m. local time.
Besides the conjunctions, other planets will grace the skies on the night of the new moon itself. While Mercury and Mars will both be lost in the solar glare, Saturn will be visible effectively for the entire night of Sept. 14-15, as the planet rises at 6:22 p.m. EDT at the latitude of New York City, 45 minutes before sunset. (Times are from calculations by the U.S. Naval Observatory.) The ringed planet is in the constellation Aquarius, a relatively faint group of stars, so it will stand out as the sky darkens.
Venus will be a morning star, rising at 3:48 a.m. in New York on Sept. 15. Venus is the third-brightest object in the sky after the sun and moon, so it is easily recognizable. By sunrise (which is at 6:36 a.m.) the planet will be 32 degrees above the eastern horizon; it is often one of the last celestial objects visible as day breaks. In the Southern Hemisphere, the planet rises towards the northeast; in Cape Town it will rise at 4:40 a.m., and sunrise is at 6:46 a.m. local time. Venus is in the constellation Cancer. Cancer is a faint grouping of stars that is difficult to see from urban areas, so Venus will stand out.
In the western half of the sky, you can see Sagittarius; it will be close to the horizon in the south. Scorpius will be mostly set, though the heart of the Scorpion, Antares, is still just high enough to see if the horizon is clear of obstructions; it is only about 10 degrees high. Above Scorpius, you can see Ophiuchus, the Serpent Bearer. To find it, look for Antares, and then go upward from the horizon; you should see a large rectangle of fainter stars with the short side horizontal. That's the body of Ophiuchus, and above the rectangle is a star that makes an "A frame" shape, which is his head. Ophiuchus is sometimes called the 13th constellation of the Zodiac, because the constellation's modern borderlines mean that planets often pass through it.
Earth and the Moon are part of the universe, as are the other planets and their many dozens of moons. Along with asteroids and comets, the planets orbit the Sun. The Sun is one among hundreds of billions of stars in the Milky Way galaxy, and most of those stars have their own planets, known as exoplanets.
In the span of a single human lifetime, space probes have voyaged to the outer solar system and sent back the first up-close images of the four giant outermost planets and their countless moons; rovers wheeled along the surface on Mars for the first time; humans constructed a permanently crewed, Earth-orbiting space station; and the first large space telescopes delivered jaw-dropping views of more distant parts of the cosmos than ever before. In the early 21st century alone, astronomers discovered thousands of planets around other stars, detected gravitational waves for the first time and produced the first image of a black hole.
To make the craters on your moon, dip a bottle cap in yellow paint and stamp it on the crescent shape. You can use both the top and bottom side of the cap, and a pencil eraser tip works well for the small craters. Once dry, cut out your moon shape.
Moon drawing is an easy step by step drawing tutorial with simple steps so you will end up with this fun moon and stars drawing! With a few supplies and 15 minutes, you will have your own night sky drawing!
Zeta Aquarii - Modern observers know this star as the center of the Mercedes symbol (an asterism). At magnitude 3.6, it is far enough from tonight's Moon to allow us to easily locate it. And this is a worthwhile find. Both components are yellow-white and appear nearly identical. The primary shines at magnitude 4.4, while the companion is magnitude 4.5. They comprise a close pair, but an easy split with a separation of 3.8 arc-seconds. Interestingly, this double star was directly on the celestial equator in 2004. Before then, it was a southern hemisphere star, now it is in the northern sky. It is an easy star hop from "The Moon In The Spoon" across to the bright pair in western Capricornus, through the line of bright stars in Aquarius, leading to the area containing Zeta Aquarii.
On Earth, our view of the illuminated part of the Moon changes each night, depending on where the Moon is in its orbit, or path, around Earth. When we have a full view of the completely illuminated side of the Moon, that phase is known as a full moon.
November 20 - After sunset on November 20, look toward the south to see the first quarter moon just below Ringed Planet Saturn. The pair are joined by bright stars Fomalhaut and Altair.
Then, after sunset on November 20, look toward the south to see the first quarter moon just below Ringed Planet Saturn. The pair are joined by bright stars Fomalhaut and Altair. And then on the 24th, look for the nearly full moon close to giant Jupiter in the east after sunset. Some binoculars will be able to capture both of them in the same field of view.
This simulated multiple-exposure image shows the positions of the sun and moon with respect to the stars over a nine-day period. While the sun moves eastward (from right to left) only one degreeper day, the moon moves eastward by 13 degrees per day. The yellow line is the ecliptic, fromwhich the moon never strays by more than about five degrees.(The sizes of both the sun and moon are exaggerated for emphasis.)
The simple explanation of all these observations is that the moon shines by reflected sunlight.It's spherical in shape, with half of the sphere illuminated by the sun at any given time.How much of this half we see, however, depends on our viewing direction. When the moon and sunare near each other in our sky, we're looking at the moon's dark side so we don't see it atall ("new moon"). When the moon is opposite the sun in our sky, we're looking at the moon's illuminated side so we see a full moon. At other angles we see part, but not all, of themoon's illuminated side. The illustration below shows how you can simulate the moon's phases usinga ball and a strong directional light source to simulate the sun.
Remember, though, that the moon can wander as much as five degrees to either side of the ecliptic.In most months, therefore, the new moon misses the sun (from our perspective) by a few degrees, to one side or theother, as it passes. But the moon's path crosses the ecliptic roughly twice each month, and a solar eclipseoccurs when the sun happens to be there during the crossing. There's a good chance of this aboutonce every six months. Even then, however, perfect alignment requires that you be somewhere alonga narrow path across earth's surface, usually less than 300 km wide. And even then, the moon's disc isn't always quitebig enough to cover the sun, because both of their apparent sizes vary as their distances from earth vary slightly. When the moon is too far and/or the sun is too close, yet the alignment isgood, we call the event an annular eclipse. Otherwise, if the moon covers only part of the sun,we call it a partial solar eclipse.Whether the eclipse is total (or annular) or not, a partial solar eclipse is usually visibleover a wide area about twice each year. I've seen several partial solar eclipses over the years, and if you're oldenough, you probably have as well. I've never been in the right place to see a total solar eclipse,but I'm looking forward to the one that will come through much of the U.S. on August 21, 2017.
Your chances of having seen a totallunar eclipse are pretty good, because they're visible from everywhere on the night side of theearth, and the totality can last over an hour. Clouds can get in the way, of course, and you sometimes need to be willing to get up in the middle of the night.The next lunar eclipse as of this writing will be a total one on December 10, 2011; best viewedfrom the Asia-Pacific region, it will also be visible in the morning, as the moon is setting,from western North America. For the next two years the lunar eclipses will be only partial, with thenext total lunar eclipse not occurring until April 15, 2014.