Serial Number In Caste Certificate

[Janeth Counter]

Citizensprimary interaction with the government is for obtaining various services. National Governance Plan (NeGP) was envisioned with the ultimate objective of bringing public services closer to homes of citizens as articulated in the Vision Statement of NeGP,

"Make all Government services accessible to the common man in his locality, through common service delivery outlets, and ensure efficiency, transparency, and reliability of such services at affordable costs to realize the basic needs of the common man"

In an attempt to fulfill this vision, the Government of Odisha has implemented the ServicePlus platform of NIC to provide services to citizens.

ServicePlus is a single, unified, metadata-based portal to citizen and government alike where any service can be defined, accessed, delivered and monitored. ServicePlus facilitates any Central or State Government department or local governments (Panchayats, Municipalities etc.) to define all the metadata related to service like service definition, service coverage, target beneficiary, applicable submission modes, applicable service charges, creation of application forms and intermediate documents, application life cycle and output certificate.

A citizen can apply for a Service through following ways:

Freezing of the application checks the complete inter relation between the various service requirements before activating the service.View All Available Services is displayed on the screen.Click on Advance search. The list of services will be displayed.In action field you will get the application form link, after clicking on application form link you will get the application submission location form as screen below.Select your location from the Service list of district Panchayat from a drop down list.After clicking on submit the Application form will be displayed.When you click on Next Button, you will move on enclosures, it display following fields Type of Enclosure, Enclosure Document, Source and File Reference as screen below.Select whether you want to attach a new file or select from documents repository.If you select attach new file you will have to browse and attach a new file from your computer.If you select documents repository select the file to be attached along with application from your documents attached in your profile.Again when you click on Next Button, the charge screen will appear as below. If an online payment option is available for the service make payment option will be available. Make payment if required and click on submit.-->

A citizen can apply for a Service through following ways:

Online - Citizen can apply for a service online by registering (Once only). After registration username and password can be generated. Click on Login link and use username and password to access the application form.CSC - Citizen may contact any CSC for applying the service.

You can track your application status by the following ways:

To get the status of application, click on "Check Your Application Status" button on the Home page.You can also check the application status using your credentials (username and password). Click on Login on Home page and enter the credentials. Once you logged in, click on "Track Application Status" link provided under "View Status of Application".

You can print your issued certificate in the following ways:

Click on login button placed on top right of the home page. Use your credentials (username and password) and login to the system.Click on View Status of Application --> Track Application Status under Menu.Click on Current Status --> Delivered against the Application Reference No.A pop up window named "Application Form Details" will be displayed. Scroll down and Click on "Output Certificate" link.The desired e-Certificate will be displayed on the screen. You can take the print now.

Once can verify the issued e-Certificates by the following steps:

Click on "Verify your Certificate" button on the Home page.Enter the application reference number and token number printed on the certificate.Click on "Download Certificate". The certificate gets downloaded if the entered values are correct.

The e-District initiative of the Department of Electronics & Information Technology(DeitY), Ministry of Communication & Information Technology (MCIT), and Government of India has been identified as one of the Mission Mode Projects at the State level. The project aims at providing support to the basic administrative unit i.e "District Administration" to enable content development of G2C services, which would optimally leverage and utilize the three infrastructure pillars, the State Wide Area Network(SWAN) for connectivity, State Data Centre(SDC) for secure and fail safe data storage, and Common Service Centres(CSCs) as the primary front-ends for service delivery to deliver services to the citizens at their doorstep.

The e-District portal involves integrated and seamless delivery of citizen services by district administration through automation of workflow, back end digitization, integration and process redesigning across participating sections/departments for providing services in a most efficient manner to the citizens.

The caste system in India is the paradigmatic ethnographic instance of social classification based on castes. It has its origins in ancient India, and was transformed by various ruling elites in medieval, early-modern, and modern India, especially in the aftermath of the collapse of the Mughal Empire and the establishment of the British Raj.[1][2][3][4] It is today the basis of affirmative action programmes in India as enforced through its constitution.[5] The caste system consists of two different concepts, varna and jati, which may be regarded as different levels of analysis of this system.

The caste system as it exists today is thought to be the result of developments during the collapse of the Mughal era and the rise of the British colonial government in India.[1][6][7] The British Raj furthered this development, making rigid caste organisation a central mechanism of administration.[6] Between 1860 and 1920, the British incorporated the Indian caste system into their system of governance, granting administrative jobs and senior appointments only to Christians and people belonging to certain castes.[8] Social unrest during the 1920s led to a change in this policy.[9] Caste was no longer used by the colonial authority to functionally organize civil society. This reflected changes in administrative practices, understandings of expertise, and the rise of new European scholarly institutions.[10] After the 1920s, the colonial administration began a policy of positive discrimination by reserving a certain percentage of government jobs for the lower castes. In 1948, negative discrimination on the basis of caste was banned by law and further enshrined in the Indian constitution in 1950;[11] however, the system continues to be practiced in parts of India.[5] There are 3,000 castes and 25,000 sub-castes in India, each related to a specific occupation.[12]

Caste-based differences have also been practised in other regions and religions in the Indian subcontinent, like Nepalese Buddhism,[13] Christianity, Islam, Judaism and Sikhism.[14] It has been challenged by many reformist Hindu movements,[15] Sikhism, Christianity,[14] and present-day Neo Buddhism.[16] With Indian influences, the caste system is also practiced in Bali.[17]

After achieving independence in 1947, India enacted many affirmative action policies for the upliftment of historically marginalized groups as enforced through its constitution. These policies included reserving a quota of places for these groups in higher education and government employment.

In ancient texts, Jati, meaning birth,[23] is mentioned less often and clearly distinguished from varna. There are four varnas but thousands of jatis.[20] The jatis are complex social groups that lack universally applicable definitions or characteristics and have been more flexible and diverse than was previously often assumed.[22]

Certain scholars of caste have considered jati to have its basis in religion, assuming that the sacred elements of life in India envelop the secular aspects; for example, the anthropologist Louis Dumont described the ritual rankings that exist within the jati system as being based on the concepts of religious purity and pollution. This view has been disputed by other scholars who believe it to be a secular social phenomenon driven by the necessities of economics, politics, and at times geography.[23][24][25][26] Jeaneane Fowler says that although some people consider jati to be occupational segregation, in reality, the jati framework does not preclude or prevent a member of one caste from working in another occupation.[23]

A feature of jatis has been endogamy, in Susan Bayly's words, that "both in the past and for many though not all Indians in more modern times, those born into a given caste would normally expect to find marriage partner" within his or her jati.[27][28]

we do not possess a real general definition of caste. It appears to me that any attempt at definition is bound to fail because of the complexity of the phenomenon. On the other hand, much literature on the subject is marred by lack of precision about the use of the term.[34]

Ghurye offered what he thought was a definition that could be applied across India, although he acknowledged that there were regional variations on the general theme. His model definition for caste included the following six characteristics:[35]

The above Ghurye's model of caste thereafter attracted scholarly criticism[45][46] for relying on the census reports produced by the colonial government,[34][47] the "superior, inferior" racist theories of H. H. Risley,[48] and for fitting his definition to then prevalent orientalist perspectives on caste.[49][50][51]

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