Thank you for your replies!
It would be great if someone from the Keycloak team could review our code and give us feedback so we can include it before a PR. Is there anyone in particular from your team we should get in touch with? Furthermore, we have added integration tests for the step up authentication.
Regarding full authentication when no acr is requested: This was also our thought, that the user only has to provide what is missing. Therefore, if no acr is requested, we perform the first level of authentication and if the user is already authenticated, they do not have to perform the first level of authentication again. Configuring a default level on the client was an additional feature for us, as it does not solve the problem, because if nothing is configured on the client (some admins will not use step-up authentication and therefore it should not be a mandatory configuration field on the client), a fallback value has to be used, which would be level 1. And this behavior would amount to the same behavior that we have already implemented.
Regarding the translation of a scope to a specific LoA: We have already implemented an execution for this, as we need it for our use case. But since it is already mentioned here, I think it could be valuable for everyone and we will contribute the code.
Best regards,
Cornelia