Ten Steps to Mastering College Reading Skills (titled Ten Steps to Advanced Reading in earlier editions) is the most advanced title in the popular Ten Steps college reading skills series. It can serve as an independent advanced reading text or as a sequel (or a second-semester alternative) to Ten Steps to Improving College Reading Skills or Ten Steps to Advancing College Reading Skills. Get a full brochure here.
2. PowerPoint presentations have been crafted to teach key skills and concepts directly to students. These PowerPoints are available to instructors in the Learning Center and can be used with or without the text.
3. Ten Steps Plus is a subscription-based collection of powerful digital resources that teach college reading skills. Based on the proven pedagogy of the Ten Steps Series, Ten Steps Plus includes interactive exercises, mastery tests, assessments, and instructional videos to equip students for success in the classroom and beyond. Click here to learn more about Ten Steps Plus.
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Confident reading with comprehension is the culmination of a learn to read journey that requires mastery of a number of language and cognitive skills. Each skill is part of an essential reading foundation. If any skill along the way does not fully develop, reading comprehension is compromised.
Furthermore, parents should look out for bad reading habits, e.g., skipping words or memorizing words instead of decoding them. These are dead ends, rabbit holes that defer the development of foundational skills and delay eventual reading success. The only viable path to reading with comprehension is:
There are interim steps, but the main thrust of this article is the pathway to making reading comprehension as comfortable as listening comprehension. In each step, we review the skills involved, where things can go wrong and what you can do about it.
Another aspect of the long view, is making sure your child is actually decoding, reading words on the page left to right, sound by sound. That is the path to reading proficiency. If your child is skipping around, memorizing or getting the job done some other way, push back. There are no short cuts. Reading success has to go through the 7 skill steps outlined below. If your child is not decoding properly, she is not learning to read.
The most important pre-reading skills is language processing, needed for phonemic awareness and phonics. This is not the same as a speech delay, although most children with speech delays have processing delays. Listening accuracy for reading is demanding, A child must be able to hear every sound inside a word, not just the word as one sound.
Reading is a language skill, making language processing the most important of all pre-reading skills. Language processing and related skills are best developed through spoken language interaction. This means lots of adult conversation and reading to your child as often as possible.
If you are concerned that your child is not developing cognitive skills as expected, there are treatments that can accelerate development delays. These include listening therapies for preK children and Fast ForWord (provided by Gemm Learning) for school age children. If your child has sensory processing delays, consider an Occupational Therapy or programs like Interactive Metronome.
Reading should be like listening. A good reader is able to read left to right, taking in words as they come the same way language is understood. This requires sound phonemic awareness, the ability to hear the sounds (phonemes) inside words and to associate these sounds to letters of the alphabet.
A long line of research studies confirm that phonemic awareness is the best predictor of early reading success, better than IQ, vocabulary, and listening comprehension. This notion was first proposed by Stanovich in 1994, although cognitive researchers like Dr. Paula Tallal, a co-founder of Fast ForWord, were investigating the link between phonemic awareness and reading skills in the 1980s.
While decoding automaticity is the holy grail of reading, it is also where most struggling readers fall short. Many 3rd and 4th graders run into difficulty with reading comprehension because they are not decoding automatically. Their need to concentrate to decode detracts from their efforts to comprehend what they are reading.
Dr. G Reid Lyon, a professor at SMU and prior head of NIH, is a leading thinker in the area of reading. He emphasizes the importance of language knowledge in reading comprehension. If a child does not understand the nuances of language, comprehension will be compromised.
The short cut you want to avoid is memorization. If your child sees literal reading comprehension as the priority, he might start to memorize text words with attached meaning, essentially learning a whole new language, English in text format.
Memorization will get the job done in 2nd grade and even in 3rd grade, but will fall apart in 4th grade and beyond as the word list expands. At that time, the student will have to go back to learning how to decode words one syllable at a time. Efficiently decode text to connect to auditory word memory and then to meaning. That is the only viable pathway to proficient reading.
Literal reading comprehension requires practice. The best thing a parent can do is to make sure your child always has books that are interesting to them and are in their reading sweet spot, as outlined in step 4.
Transform your study habits with our essential guide for college students. Learn how to manage your time, take effective notes, and retain information more efficiently. Keep reading to discover the keys to academic success!
In this guide, we will cover techniques you can implement to improve your study routine and grades. These techniques include tried-and-true approaches, key skills, and research-backed methods that can be applied to your next test and throughout your academic career.
The first step to any effective study routine is to gain control of your time. Effective time management skills allow us to balance more tasks successfully, make the most of the time we have to study, and feel in control of our daily schedule. Below are four tips to help you master your schedule.
One of the best ways to remember to study is to make studying a staple in your routine. At the beginning of each week or month, set aside a specific number of hours to study. This could look like larger chunks a few times a week, an hour or two reserved daily for studying, or a mix of study block lengths.
As a student, you have plenty of homework assignments, readings, tests, and extracurriculars vying for your attention. To make sure important tasks, such as studying for a big exam are completed, you need to prioritize. An easy approach is to create a schedule where urgent and important tasks are completed first. Often, intentionally planning your week and keeping deadlines in mind can help you prioritize effectively.
Planners are a great way to track your to-dos, test dates, and study sessions. Each week, you could set aside 30 minutes to write down your to-dos for the week, or you could take 10 minutes each evening to note tasks for tomorrow, important dates, or meetings in your calendar.
Too often, we set vague goals, such as getting a 4.0 GPA, without a concrete plan to make them a reality. Instead, try to create SMART goals, which are easier to implement because they are more defined.
Long-term goals often span multiple semesters and are more closely related to your professional plans. These could include maintaining a 3.4 GPA or higher this academic year, finding the right summer internship, or completing a multi-semester research project.
Once goals are set, you have two options: forget about them or track your progress. Taking time each week to reflect on your goals and your progress is a great way to hold yourself accountable and course-correct if necessary. During this time, you can also celebrate the steps you are taking toward your goals, which is great for mental well-being.
Between the endless lectures, readings, and extracurriculars, it can be hard to remember every detail from each. Instead of relying on your memory alone, take legible, easy-to-understand notes during classes.
Active learning is a valuable skill in and outside the classroom. According to a 2021 study, active learning was associated with better test scores and higher life satisfaction. Cornell University defines active learning as any method that engages students via writing, investigating, discussing, or another action. Active learning is successful because it empowers students to take ownership of course materials and ensures they truly understand it before test time.
For a more independent route, you can also create a mock lesson plan around the materials. In the lesson plan, jot down key concepts as if explaining them to someone who is unfamiliar with the topic.
Making physical flashcards or using an online flashcard program is a great technique for actively reviewing key concepts. After each lecture or reading, add any new terms to your flashcard deck. To review, you can schedule time either weekly, daily, or somewhere between to review all the flashcards.
The SQ3R method helps students break down reading comprehension into five key steps: survey, question, read, recite, and review. For the survey step, students review the main headings and points from a reading. After, they jot down any questions they have on the reading.
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