a simple way is to copy your current dict_dir (usually in data/local/) in a new dict_dir and replace your custom lexicon in new dict_dir
1- create a new dict_dir with the new lexicon and the same phones.
2- create lang_dir using utils/prepare_lang.sh
3- create lang_dir_test by utils/format_lm.sh
4- create graph_dir by utils/mkgraph.sh
your new alphabet lexicon must contain alphabets and their pronunciations with phone symbols.
e.g.
A e y
B b i:
C s i:
for good results, you must train your language model based alphabet corpus