There is an unusual connection between Krupp and Verne’s understanding and use of puddling. In Verne’s description of puddling, he mentions the use of “Chernoff’s rules,” which is a scientific detail that few would have known in 1879, except for metallurgists in a steelworks. Chernoff is clearly a misspelling of Russian metallurgist Dmitry Chernov. Chernov, in 1868, after studying the production of heavy guns at Obukhovsky Steel Foundry, published a paper in Russian on the necessary temperature control in puddling furnaces. The 1869 publication of this article is considered the date of the transformation of metallurgy from an art into a science[i].
[i] A. F. Golovin, "The centennial of D. K. Chernov's discovery of polymorphous transformations in steel 1868–1968". Metal Science and Heat Treatment. May 1968, 10 (5) pp. 335–340.
There is an unusual connection between Krupp and Verne’s understanding and use of puddling. In Verne’s description of puddling, he mentions the use of “Chernoff’s rules,” which is a scientific detail that few would have known in 1879, except for metallurgists in a steelworks. Chernoff is clearly a misspelling of Russian metallurgist Dmitry Chernov. Chernov, in 1868, after studying the production of heavy guns at Obukhovsky Steel Foundry, published a paper in Russian on the necessary temperature control in puddling furnaces. The 1869 publication of this article is considered the date of the transformation of metallurgy from an art into a science[i].
[i] A. F. Golovin, "The centennial of D. K. Chernov's discovery of polymorphous transformations in steel 1868–1968". Metal Science and Heat Treatment. May 1968, 10 (5) pp. 335–340.
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On Aug 29, 2025, at 7:47 PM, William Butcher <wbutch...@gmail.com> wrote: