I guess the real problem here was the less usage, right? As I said - I am not a big fan of code that generates code too, but it really saves me a lot of time. Tweaking the theme does not have to be hard, but it will take some time. To be honest, what you should have done is probably:
1) add these lines inside themes/default/style.less:
.jstree-default-xlarge { .jstree-theme(64px, "64px.png", 64px); }
2) Take the 32px sprite (themes/default/), double its size and replace the icons you want to replace, save it as 64px.png
3) Compile the less file
4) Then in your tree config add:
core : {
themes : {
variant : "xlarge"
Those 4 steps would probably take no more than 5 minutes, the bad thing is you had to learn what LESS is in the process. Don't get me wrong - you could have gone with a simple CSS file (based on style.css), but it would have required a lot of calculations and trial and error.
Build systems are a big part of today's web development, whether we like it or not. jstree uses grunt, so instead to compile the LESS files you could have done this:
1) install node.js
2) install grunt
3) invoke the "grunt install" command inside the jstree project folder (that you downloaded)
4) make the changes outlined above
5) run "grunt" inside the jstree project folder
Again - not ideal if you do not already have nodejs and grunt, I was reluctant to install such components too, but in time they proved to be invaluable. I did not propose this approach because it would have probably cost you more time to understand what grunt is, than what less is (I assumed you are not using grunt, because if you were, then we wouldn't have had this discussion).
Anyway - once again sorry for your struggles - I will do my best with the docs when I get the chance.
Best regards,
Ivan