There's nothing built into the library to do this yet. Depending on the format of your file, it might not be too difficult to write some extra code to take your file and turn it into a jspsych compatible experiment description. You could look into using an AJAX request to do that:
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/24530977/read-text-file-on-server-into-array-javascript
However, if the file never changes, it might just be easier to convert the file into a JavaScript variable that you put into the experiment script. Or into a separate file that you also reference from the experiment script. Depending on format, the easiest way to do this might be to find a program that will convert your file into a JSON-string, which you can the read into JavaScript with JSON.parse().
If you provide some more details about the file structure, I might be able to give more specific advice.