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The Bangladeshi passport is an ICAO compliant, machine-readable and biometric e-passport issued for the purpose of travel to foreign countries by the passport holder. Bangladesh is the first country in South Asia to issue e-passports for all eligible citizens. The passport booklet is manufactured, printed and issued by the Department of Immigration & Passports of the Ministry of Home Affairs. This electronic microprocessor chip embedded e-passport has forty-one different security features, including holographic images embossed in thin-film laminate, which change colour under light and appear to move.[6] Demographic and biometric information of the e-passport holder are stored on the chip inside the e-passport. This information includes the fingerprints of all ten fingers of the passport holder; the iris scan of both eyes; a color photograph of the face of the bearer; their digital signature; etc.[7] Depending on the age of the applicant, the e-passport is valid for either five years or ten years and it is distributed by the Government of The People's Republic of Bangladesh, or by any of its overseas diplomatic missions, to eligible Bangladeshi nationals who are citizens by birth, by descent or through naturalization.[8]
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After the Bangladesh Liberation War, Act Number 9 of 1973 (called The Bangladesh Passport Order, 1973) which was signed into law by the President of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, on 8 February 1973, lead to the creation and issuing of the first passport of newly independent Bangladesh.[1] These passport booklets were traditional, handwritten or manual, passports and were compliant with the relevant international laws and regulations in force at the time. Subsequently, additional laws were enacted in Bangladesh in the years that followed to improve the passport application process; enforce the ineligibility to hold multiple valid Bangladeshi passports; citizenship requirement for a passport; etc. Since 1972 a special passport, also known as the India-Bangladesh Special passport, used to be issued to Bangladeshi citizens and Indian nationals resident in West Bengal State and the North-Eastern States of India only. This special passport had a maroon cover. It was valid for travelling between India and Bangladesh only. The issuance of this passport ended in 2013 due to changes in ICAO regulations.[10][11]
The Department of Immigration and Passports of the Government of Bangladesh used to issue traditional handwritten or manual passports before the introduction of the machine-readable passports. In 2010 Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina, of the Government of Bangladesh, announced a plan to replace over 6.6 million handwritten passports with new biometric machine-readable passports.[12] Following the guidelines of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), the Bangladeshi government started issuing machine-readable passports (MRP) and machine-readable visas (MRV) in April 2010. However, all traditional handwritten passports were honored as bona fide Bangladesh government-issued travel documents until their expiration date. All traditional handwritten passports were successfully withdrawn from circulation before ICAO's international deadline of November 2015.
In 2016 the Government of Bangladesh, led by Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina, announced new plans to issue e-passports. The then Home Minister hoped this would ease immigration, travel and visa procedures for Bangladeshi passport holders.[13] The new Bangladeshi e-passport is provided in collaboration with a German company along with multiple e-gates at all major ports of entry.[14] Machine-readable passports are being phased out gradually. E-passports will completely replace all machine-readable passports. However, all machine-readable passports are bona fide and valid travel documents until the expiry date written in them.
Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina inaugurated the distribution of e-passports at an event in the capital's Bangabandhu International Conference Centre on Wednesday, 22 January 2020. The People's Republic of Bangladesh is the first country in South Asia and the 119th country in the world to issue an e-passport for all eligible citizens. The country has taken another significant step in its digital transformation with the much-anticipated launch of the electronic passports or e-passports under the astute leadership of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina.[3]
Emergency delivery is only available for passport reissue applicants who don't wish to make any changes to their passport biographical data. The applicable 15% VAT is included in all the fees shown above.[16][5] E-passport fees can be paid through all government and private banks in Bangladesh using the A-Challan form. Unlike traditional handwritten or manual passports, e-passports and machine-readable passports are not renewed. Instead, the old passport booklet is cancelled and a new passport is issued in its place. This procedure is called "reissue" by the Department of Immigration and Passports.
The fees can be paid online as well, using a credit card, debit card, or a mobile phone. Bangladeshi mobile financial services such as bKash or Nagad can also be used to make payments for passport fees, especially e-passport fees. Fees can also be paid through the EkPay website or app, where one gets to choose the payment method such as credit card, debit card or Bangladeshi mobile financial services like bKash or Nagad.[5]
The inside cover contains the date and place of issuance of the passport as well as the declaration of the President, addressing the authorities of all other states, identifying the bearer as a citizen of the People's Republic of Bangladesh and requesting that he or she be allowed to pass without hindrance and be treated as per international law. The note inside of the Bangladeshi passports states:
All Bangladesh passports are bilingual, with the text and page numbers of the passports being printed in both Bengali and English. Before machine readable passports were introduced in April 2010 however, older passports were trilingual with all the information inside printed in Bengali, English, and French.
Information about the passport holder is stored on the embedded microprocessor chip in the passport. It is also shown on the biographical page and in page one of the Bangladesh e-passport. The field names, such as name, are written in Bengali (Bangla) and English, with the field values being written in English only. Information regarding faith or occupation is not printed.
The pre-first page is a chip-enabled plastic card that contains the declaration of the President of the Republic. Underneath this declaration used to be a statement that said that the passport is valid for all countries of the world except Israel.[19] However, from 22 May 2021 newly issued e-passports have a different statement with the Israel travel ban still in place because no diplomatic ties exist between Bangladesh and Israel. The new modified statement now reads "This passport is valid for all countries of the world" and this change was implemented to bring the e-passport in line with international standards as well as ICAO rules and regulations.[20] The back of the pre-first page is the main data page, that contains all the important information. The information printed includes:
More information regarding the passport holder is encoded using optical character recognition and can only be read by a passport reader.[21] The first page contains additional information in English such as parents' name, legal guardian's name, present address, emergency contact name and number etc. It also contains the passport number printed on the page. This page contains the following information of the bearer:
All information is printed in English using a dot matrix printer and, in the case of the machine readable passport, it is then signed by the appropriate officer of the issuing authority. In the newly issued e-passport, it is laser printed and used to be authenticated with a QR code. From February 6th, 2023, the QR Code is no longer printed on the page. [23] Inside the back cover of the e-passport an embossed image of the Jatiyo Sangshad Bhaban, National Parliament of Bangladesh, is displayed with a quotation in English by Louis I Kahn, who is the architect of the complex.
As of 12 January 2024,[update] Bangladeshi citizens who hold regular or ordinary Bangladeshi passports have visa free or visa on arrival access to 42 countries and territories, ranking the Bangladeshi passport 97th in terms of travel freedom (along with North Korea) according to the Henley Passport Index.[24] Bangladeshi citizens who hold Diplomatic passports or Official passports of Bangladesh have visa free or visa on arrival access to many more countries.[25] Previously, Bangladeshi passports were not valid for travel to Taiwan, Rhodesia, South Africa and Israel but that has long changed.
Terrorist attacks can happen with little or no warning, with terrorists targeting public areas such as tourist locations, transportation hubs, markets/shopping malls, restaurants, places of worship, school campuses, and government facilities.
The next general election is anticipated to occur before January 2024, and political party rallies and other election-related activities have already commenced. Political rallies and demonstrations may be held with increasing frequency or intensity as the general election draws nearer. Travelers to Bangladesh should practice vigilance and remember that demonstrations intended to be peaceful can turn confrontational and escalate into violence.
Because of security concerns U.S. government employees in Bangladesh are subject to some movement and travel restrictions. The U.S. government may have limited ability to provide emergency services to U.S. citizens in Bangladesh due to these travel restrictions, a lack of infrastructure, and limited host government emergency response resources.
Hepatitis A and Typhoid vaccinations required; Hepatitis B, Japanese Encephalitis, and Rabies vaccinations recommended. There is no risk of Yellow Fever in Bangladesh; however, proof of Yellow Fever vaccination is required if you are traveling from a country with a risk of Yellow Fever and are older than one year of age.