Ok as people seem to be interested now and it's a friday.
You can access devices directly, for example
Using setcpu to overclock the processor if you have kernel support.
Capture screenshots within android, as the program needs direct access
to the framebuffer (/dev/fb0) and without root you aren't able to do
this.
Access the rootfs '/'
Most android roms only let users have access to /sdcard in android and
therefore they can't modify any of the system files, some of this we
can already do directly because we store it on an sdcard and can
access it through ubuntu. Therefore stock android phones need to root
the recovery image to allow them to update/flash to any other roms
than the official ones, this allows them to remove branded 'roms' or
update to froyo etc instead of having to wait for their mobile phone
carrier to push an OTA update.
By not having a 'conventional' android phone and being able to access
the rootfs, due to being to access through ubuntu on an sdcard, we
kind of already had 'semi-root' in terms of modification/customisation
and updating the JetDroid platform, kernel, changing boot animations,
etc. You can't even change the boot animation on a standard android
phone without rooting.
We can also run any commands that's available under android, e.g the
abilty to 'mount' filesystems such as the fat32 partition on the
sdcard and therefore you can access all your mp3's/videos/images that
are available under the standard sammy o/s.
We could already do quite a lot of stuff without rooting it due to the
way JetDroid has been developed, so we do 'gain' less from it than
other phones.
It does however also add the convenience that you can modify any file
you wish from within android, then reboot the phone and test to see if
the changes have the required effect. Rather than having to take out
the sdcard, put in pc, mount it ubuntu, make the changes, safely
remove, then put it back in the phone etc.