Something's wrong with the configuration. The matrix-project plugin is either not present, or otherwise cannot be loaded. See warnings on the /manage URL, or the Jenkins log for more information.
There is no Jenkins (core) bug here. Enable and/or install the matrix-project plugin, and/or disable plugins depending on it without properlydeclaring a dependency.
Thank you for your hints. It look's like it works again.
I dissabled all dependent plugins and it worked. Than I started to enable until the problem occures again. It was an HP ALM plugin which cause the problem.