African Continent Natural Conditions, Population Composition, Climate & Flora-Fauna

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romi wiguno

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Jun 28, 2022, 11:11:11 AM6/28/22
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Africa is one of six continents on earth. Africa is the second largest continent on earth after Asia. The continent of Africa has an area of ​​about 30.3 million square kilometers or one-fifth of the earth's total land area.

The Natural Condition of the African Continent and Its Characteristics In terms of age and geological conditions, the mainland of the African continent is more unique than other continents on earth. Mainland Africa, geologically, is estimated to be 3.8 billion years old.

The northern and western regions of the African continent are characterized by many lowlands. Meanwhile, the southern and eastern African regions have the characteristics of many highlands. The highlands in the south and east of the African continent are often close to the coast. This makes the southern and eastern regions of the African continent usually have narrow shorelines.

Soils in the western and southern regions of the African continent contain a lot of rock, especially gneiss and basalt igneous rocks that formed over a period of two to 3.6 billion years. The African continent also has 2 plateaus (also known as plateaus), namely the Lower African Plateau in the north and the Upper African Plateau in the south. Plato is a plateau that has an altitude above 700 meters above sea level. Plato is the result of soil erosion and sedimentation.

It is generally a relatively flat land and its height is above 700 meters above sea level. The African continent is famous for its very long rivers. One of the most famous is the Nile. The Nile is the longest river on earth with a length of 6,650 km or 4,132 miles.

The Nile River divides nine countries in Africa, namely Ethiopia, Zaire, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi, Sudan, South Sudan and Egypt. Besides the Nile, there are also other long rivers such as the Zambesi river, the Niger river, and the Congo or Zahire rivers, as quoted from the book World Regional Geography (2020) by Sulistinah and Kuspriyanto.

On the African continent, there are also many large lakes. The largest lake in Africa is Lake Victoria (Victoria Nyanza) which covers an area of ​​68,870 sq km. In addition, a number of other large lakes in Africa are Lake Tanganyika (area 32,900 km²), Lake Malawi (area 29,600 km²), Lake Albert (area 2,220 km²), Lake Kivu (2,220 km²).


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