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Apache and Tomcat Installation - AJP Connector - Windows 2K

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zeebar

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Mar 14, 2002, 10:32:05 AM3/14/02

[=======] Configure Apache v1.3.23 and Tomcat 4.0.2 with the AJP Connector
on Windows 2000 [======]

Please send me your feedback: ba...@pmcanada.com

This installation will not work with Tomcat v4.0.1, as
$CATALINA_HOME/server/lib/tomcat-ajp.jar does not contain the files that
create the global Apache directives (ie. LoadModule, JkLogFile).

Also, if you are thinking about using mod_webapp on a Win32 environment -
don't:

[* ! *] Important note: Using the mod_webApp connector under a Windows
environment has proven to be flaky. Specifically, an error like the
following has been reported:
WebApp: Error 500
(File: pr_warp.c Line: 434)
(null)

===] Newsgroup replies about WARP uses on the Win32 platform are welcome!
[====

More information on installing the AJP connector can be found at
http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-4.0-doc/config/ajp.html

#########################
Install mod_jk.dll in Apache
#########################

Locate and download the Win32 file mod_jk.dll -
http://jakarta.apache.org/builds/jakarta-tomcat/release/v3.3/bin/win32/i386/
mod_jk.dll

You can also download the list of connectors from
http://cvs.apache.org/snapshots/jakarta-tomcat-connectors/. You will have
to build each connector you want to use. For mod_jk, you would issue the
following command:
? MSDEV mod_jk.dsp /MAKE ALL

More information about this method can be found at
http://atlassw1.phy.bnl.gov/jakarta-tomcat/mod_jk-howto.html

Move mod_jk.dll to $APACHE_HOME/modules.

#########
server.xml
#########

If it is not already, uncomment the AJP connector section in
$CATALINA_HOME/conf/server.xml. This section starts with "". The next lines should now read:
<Connector className="org.apache.ajp.tomcat4.Ajp13Connector"
port="8009" minProcessors="5" maxProcessors="75"
acceptCount="10" debug="0"/>

Next we need to create a server listener to generate the Apache directives.
If you are not using virtual hosts, look somewhere around line 13 for the
following:
? <Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN" debug="0">
Right under this, insert the following:
? <Listener className="org.apache.ajp.tomcat4.config.ApacheConfig" modJk=
"$APACHE_HOME./modules" />

If you are using virtual hosts, look for the following line at around line
216:
? <Host name="localhost" debug="9" appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true">
Right under this, insert the following:
? <Listener className="org.apache.ajp.tomcat4.config.ApacheConfig"
append="true" modJk= "$APACHE_HOME./modules/mod_jk.dll" />

The modJk attribute sets the location path to mod_jk.dll. Replace
"$APACHE_HOME" with the explicit path.

It was found that when Tomcat 4.0.2 creates the LoadModule directive in
mod_jk.conf, it does not insert quotation marks around the path. Thus, if
you have spaces in your path, this will not work when you load Apache,
adding the line:
? Include "C:/JAVADEV/Apache Group/Apache Tomcat
4.0.2/conf/auto/mod_jk.conf"
Will not work!

You can Add the directives directly to httpd.conf.

##########
httpd.conf
##########

Add the following after the LoadModule chunk, somewhere around line 197:
#==================== CUT ==========================
#
# ################### Load mod_jk ###########################
#

<IfModule !mod_jk.c>
LoadModule jk_module "C:/JAVADEV/Apache Group/Apache/modules/mod_jk.dll"
</IfModule>

JkWorkersFile "C:/JAVADEV/Apache Group/Apache Tomcat
4.0.2/conf/jk/workers.properties"
JkLogFile "C:/JAVADEV/Apache Group/Apache Tomcat 4.0.2/logs/jk_log.txt"

JkLogLevel debug
#==================== CUT ==========================

A few lines below this should be the AddModule chunk. Add the following in
this chunk:
#==================== CUT ==========================
#
# JK
#
AddModule mod_jk.c
#==================== CUT ==========================

Next we need to tell Apache what to forward to Tomcat. At around line 333,
the "DocumentRoot" should be defined. Add the following just below this:
#==================== CUT ==========================
JKMount /servlet/* ajp13
JkMount /*.jsp ajp13
JkMount /examples/* ajp13
JkMount /manager/* ajp13
JkMount /tomcat-docs/* ajp13
JkMount /webdav/* ajp13
#==================== CUT ==========================

I created a small example index: $CATALINA_HOME/webapps/examples/index.html.

#==================== CUT index.html ===================
<html>
<body bgcolor="d9d9d9">
<p>
<center><u><h1>Tomcat 4.0.2 - Examples</h1></u>
<hr>
<a href="jsp/index.html">JSP examples</a><p>
<a href="servlets/index.html">Servlet examples</a><p>
</center>

</body>
</html>
#==================== CUT ==========================

#################
workers.properties
#################

If you execute $CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.bat, you will see an error
indicating that the workers.properties file cannot be found, but the
mod_jk.conf will be created.

After doing this, open $CATALINA_HOME/conf, where two directories will be
created,
$CATALINA_HOME/conf
----+auto
--------mod_jk.conf
----+jk
--------workers.properties

The jk directory is where the workers.properties file needs to be defined as
follows:
#==================== CUT ==========================
# Setup for Windows system
#
workers.catalina_home="C:/JAVADEV/Apache Group/Apache Tomcat 4.0.2"
workers.java_home="C:/JAVADEVA/jdk1.3.1_02"

# Linux uses fwd slashes
#ps=/

# Windows uses back slashes
ps=\

worker.list= ajp13

# Definition for Ajp13 worker
#
worker.ajp13.port=8009
worker.ajp13.host=localhost
worker.ajp13.type=ajp13
#==================== CUT ==========================

The workers.catalina_home and workers.java_home paths should be set to your
specific configuration.

Finally, as some documentation indicated, take off all your clothes, dance
around your server and do the following:

Load Tomcat.
Load Apache.

Open your web browser and go to http://localhost - this should return an
Apache page.
Go to http://localhost/examples/ and this should bring up the index.html
created above. Even create a *.jsp file (you can rename the index.html to
this) and load it with http://localhost/examples/myjsp.jsp.

tomcat-docs/, webdav/ and manager/ should work just fine as well.

===========
Load balancing
===========

This documentation will be included soon ---- for now, visit
http://www.ubeans.com/tomcat/index.html for more information on how to load
balance your server.

For load balancing, you must install more than one Tomcat server. Each of
the servers has an AJP connector listening on a different port. For this
example, the servers will be called tomcat1 and tomcat2. tomcat1 and
tomcat2's AJP13 connector will be listening on ports 11009 and 12009,
respectively.

Create the workers.properties file exactly as detailed below
#==================== CUT ==========================
#
# workers.properties
#

# In Windows, we use forward slashes:
ps=\

# list the workers by name

worker.list=tomcat1, tomcat2, loadbalancer

# ------------------------
# First tomcat server
# ------------------------
worker.tomcat1.port=11009
worker.tomcat1.host=localhost
worker.tomcat1.type=ajp13

# Specify the size of the open connection cache.
#worker.tomcat1.cachesize

#
# Specifies the load balance factor when used with
# a load balancing worker.
# Note:
# ----> lbfactor must be > 0
# ----> Low lbfactor means less work done by the worker.
worker.tomcat1.lbfactor=100

# ------------------------
# Second tomcat server
# ------------------------
worker.tomcat2.port=12009
worker.tomcat2.host=localhost
worker.tomcat2.type=ajp13

# Specify the size of the open connection cache.
#worker.tomcat2.cachesize

# ------------------------
# Load Balancer worker
# ------------------------

#
# The loadbalancer (type lb) worker performs weighted round-robin
# load balancing with sticky sessions.
# Note:
# ----> If a worker dies, the load balancer will check its state
# once in a while. Until then all work is redirected to peer
# worker.
worker.loadbalancer.type=lb
worker.loadbalancer.balanced_workers=tomcat1, tomcat2

#
# END workers.properties
#
#==================== CUT ==========================

Add the following to the system variables JAVA_HOME and CATALINA_HOME
(respectively):
? ; export JAVA_HOME
? ; export CATALINA_HOME

##########
httpd.conf
##########

Next we need to tell Apache what to forward to Tomcat. At around line 333,
the "DocumentRoot" should be defined. Add the following just below this:
#==================== CUT ==========================
JKMount /servlet/* loadbalancer
JkMount /*.jsp loadbalancer
JkMount /examples/* loadbalancer
JkMount /manager/* loadbalancer
JkMount /tomcat-docs/* loadbalancer
JkMount /webdav/* loadbalancer
#==================== CUT ==========================

#########
server.xml
#########

At or around line 100, replace:
<Engine name="Standalone" defaultHost="localhost" debug="0">
with:

For tomcat2, put jvmRoute="tomcat2".

For the tomcat2 server, replace port 8005 with 12005. This will prevent the
two servers from conflicting.

Change the AJP13 port

At line 75, in the AJP 13 connector definition, replace:
port="8009"
with:
port="11009"

For tomcat2, replace port 8009 with 12009.

Disable the standalone HTTP port:

We don't want or need our tomcat servers to directly respond to HTTP
requests. So we comment out the HttpConnector section between lines and 58
in the server.xml file.

Example:

Disable the WARP connector

Around 314, comment out the <Connector...WarpConnector...> tag.
Example:
<Service name="Tomcat-Apache">

Do the same thing to tomcat2's server.xml file.

TESTING Load Sharing

Create $CATALINA_HOME/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp for tomcat1 and tomcat2 with
some difference between the two of them (ie. Background colour). Open a few
browser windows and load http://<server>/index.jsp - you should notice the
difference between them. Ensure that page reloads give you the same page,
and not the index.jsp on the other server.

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