Those to whom Zakah is not paid

[fiqh urud]

Those to whom Zakah is not paid
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1- The wealthy, and the able earning people
Due to the Prophet’s statement (peace and blessings be upon him): “There is no share in it (Zakah) for rich and the able earning (person).”50

2- Parents, children and wives who are financially dependent.
It is not permissible to give Zakah to those whom a Muslim is obliged to cater for e.g. the father, mother, grandfather, grandmother, children, and grandchildren; this is because giving Zakah to them will make them needless of his mandatory spending, thereby freeing him of their burden and as a result the benefits of Zakah goes to him, just as if he had been paid it himself.
3- Disbelievers whose hearts are not inclined
It is not permissible to give Zakah to disbelievers, as long as the intention is not to incline their hearts to Islam. This is due to the Prophet’s statement (peace and blessings be upon him): “It (Zakah) is collected from their rich and given to their poor”51 i.e. the rich and poor among the Muslims and their poor and none other than them. Also because one of the aims of Zakah is to enrich the poor Muslims and consolidate the pillars of love and brotherhood among individuals of the Islamic society, and this is not permissible as regards the disbelievers.
4- The household of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)52
Zakah is not permissible for the household of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) as a mark of honour and respect to them. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Indeed these alms are only filths of men and indeed they are not permissible for Muhammad and his household.”53
5- The freed slaves of the household of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
They are the slaves freed by the household of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) due to this hadith: “Indeed, alms are not permissible for us and verily, the freed slaves of a people are part of them”54. “Part of them” i.e. the ruling concerning the former also applies to the latter. As such, Zakah is forbidden on the freed slaves of the household of Banu Hashim.
6- An un-freed slave
Zakah is not paid to a slave, because the property of a slave belongs to his master. When Zakah is paid to him, it is transferred to the ownership of his master. Furthermore, because his master is liable to cater for him. Excluded from this is the one working to free himself from slavery (mukatib); he is given of the Zakah what can suffice to settle what is left of the stipulated amount. The one administering Zakah as well; when a slave is an administrator of Zakah, he is given out of it, because he is like a labourer and a slave can be hired on the permission of his master.

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