Write Note On Bhagat Singh
Brook Mithani
When Singh wrote this article, Savarkar was under house arrest in Ratnagiri in Maharashtra. He was prohibited from participating in any political activity as a pre-condition of his release from Cellular Jail.
Savarkar on Bhagat SinghAfter Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev were hanged in Lahore, Savarkar penned a poem for them mourning their death and bowing to their valour and courage, according to Phadke.
are you gone mad. who said bhagat sign was communist he was nationalist like swatantra veer sawarkar. and you are so much into congressi propoganda that u r ignoring historical fact. the letter he wrote was the standard format of the british, and where he add that please free other prisioners he didnt write letter for himself. the problem is nheru and other congressi wanted to take credit of whole freedom fight . secondly sawarkar was the figure who is still most liked public figure and a great opponant and threat for the political of many congressi. but people like you will never stop character assasinating . Swatantra veer savarkar was will and always be the great freedom fighter greater than nheru .
Bhagat Singh wrote extensively in the period between September 1929 and March 1931, before he was sent to the gallows. He maintained a diary which was full of daily notes, his own thoughts on freedom, poverty, class struggle, and on varied political thinkers and intellectuals such as Lenin, Marx, Omar Khayyam, Morozov, Tagore, Trotsky, Bertrand Russell, Dostoevsky, Wordsworth, Ghalib, among others.
The sheer lack of mortal fear in the couplet reproduced above that was penned by Shaheed Bhagat Singh lucidly sums up the man behind the persona. These lines written originally in Urdu script are found in one of the entries of his Jail Diary. That he was a condemned prisoner facing death didn't bother him. Bhagat Singh wrote extensively in the period between September 1929 and March 1931, before he was sent to the gallows a day prior to his actual hanging date. He maintained a diary which was full of notes of daily usage, his own thoughts on freedom, poverty and class struggle and thoughts on varied political thinkers and intellectuals such as Lenin, Marx, Ummar Khayyam, Morozov, Rabindranath Tagore, Trotsky, Bertrand Russell, Dostoevsky, Wordsworth, Ghalib and many others.
During his incarceration he was allowed his choice of books and he read a lot. He was a man of and for the masses and this reflected in his choice of books and thinkers whom he read. At this time, he was allowed access to these books and through these books and his diary we get access to his scholarly leanings and a profound mind.
The actual page count of his Jail Diary is 404 pages but a lot of it was left blank. Naturally, for readers, convenience, we have not included the blank pages but these blank pages in his diary convey a surreal message. Perhaps he didn't want to write that particular day and wanted this to be communicated, hence he left the pages blank. We will never know what really was going on inside Bhagat Singh's mind. What we do know, however, is that the man was fully in control of his thoughts and emotions. His steely resolve reflected in one of the notes in which he quotes Russian revolutionary Vera Figner:
During the moments which immediately follow upon his sentence, the mind of the condemned in many respects resembles that of a man on the point of death. Quiet, and as inspired, he no longer clings to what he is about to leave, but firmly looks in front of him, fully conscious of the fact that what is coming is inevitable.
But the most striking entries of his diary are the ones where he is talking about social justice, economic empowerment, child labour, political power, class divisions on economic lines, the need for a just society, the impoverishment of the masses, the exploitation of the labour class and the ruthlessness of capitalism. It is here that the real Bhagat Singh emerges, sans the hat, sans the gun wielding revolutionary and we get a portrait of man with an acute scholarly mind and a cheerful socialist heart.
He started his education at Khanna, Punjab and then later joined Lahore's Khalsa High School. He used to perform "sewa" in Gurdwara Dera Sahib and Gurdwara Shahid Ganj of Lahore where he would help with cleaning, cooking and serving food; he also tended to the aged, infirm and sick who came to the Gurdwaras to pay their respect to Guru Granth Sahib.
In an interview with Bhai Patwant Singh, Bhagat Puran Singh discloses how he became a Sikh. In his early life he would travel a lot from village to village and would stay overnight at Hindu Temples. One day when he was staying at one such temple, the Brahmins told him to clean the temple and then when he had done that, they sat in front of him and ate food without offering him anything.
The next time, he took shelter at a Gurdwara and the Gurdwara's Giani ji ("priest") not only gave him good hot food but also a cot and a glass of milk afterwards and all without asking for any sewa (service) for the Gurdwara. Bahi Sahib ji wrote: "Every night 25-30 travellers would come to the Gurdwara to stay; they were all served food from the common kitchen. This culture of the Gurdwaras deeply affected me". Following this incident, Ramji das, the Hindu, decided to take Khanda-da-Amrit and became a Khalsa Sikh in 1923.
Bhagat ji is one of the most prominent Sikh heroes of this century. He gave most of his adult life to the total selfless service to terminal and mentally ill patients, who in most cases had been abandoned by their families and society at large. He gave his life to provide the last hope for these desperate patients. It is recorded that whenever and wherever he saw a deserted dead body (human or animal), he would immediately prepare by his own hand a grave and give the corpse a deserving burial or cremation as a sign of respect for the dead body. He is recorded to have said, "Dignity in death is a birthright of each living thing."
Against the ugly backdrop of violence and poverty of the 1947 partition, he established a premier care institute in Amritsar, Punjab which was established to cater to the needs of the distitue, sick, disabled and forlorn people of the state of Punjab providing them with housing, food, medical care, love and attention. His life is a story of great personal sacrifice; a dogged determination against a huge problem; a passion for service and seva; complete faith and surrender to the powerful Almighty and unending love for the suffering beings of the world.
From an early age, Bhagat ji was involved in helping other beings and doing Nishkam Sewa. This was something that his mother had promoted and taught him. Bhagat ji wrote: "From my childhood, my mother had asked me to do personal service to all the creations of God. This tender and distinct feelings of virtuous tasks was ingrained in my mind. My mother had taught me to provide water to the animals, plant trees and water newly planted saplings, offer feed to the Sparrows, Crows and Mynahs, pick up thorns from the paths, and remove the stones from cart tracks. This had embedded the Name of the Almighty in my heart. She had entrusted me to the custody of Gurdwara Dera Sahib and started me on a path of virtuous living. By following this path your mind can never waver."
In 1947, Bhagat ji founded the institute called Pingalwara meaning "the home of the crippled" with a few discarded crippled or sick patients. The word "Pingal" means "Cripple" and "wara" mean "home". Today, this institute which is run by Bibi Dr Inderjit Kaur cares for over 1000 patients.
Bhagat ji was also writer as well as publisher and an environmentalist. Bhagat Ji's contribution in spreading awareness about the global dangers of environmental pollution, increasing soil erosion, etc are now well recognised. For his dedication and unreserved service to humanity was awarded with heaps of honours from many quarters. Prestigious among these was the Padamshri award in 1979, which he surrendered in the wake of the army attack on the Golden Temple in 1984.
He was born on 4 June,1904 in village Rajewal of Ludhiana district of Punjab, (British India). After the death of his father, his mother encouraged him to pass matric level of education and find a Government job. His mother worked as a domestic help in the house of a doctor at Mintgumury to organise money for her son's education. Later, she went to Lahore and cleaned utensils in households there to earn money. Puran Singh was sent to a hostel where he was sent Ten rupees every month by his mother.
Unfortunately, he failed his Class tenth examination, after which became sad and dejected.His mother told him,"Don't be sad, even those who fail eat their meal." Later in his life he wrote about this incident as," She was the daughter of a farmer. She had seen that her parents would leave for the fields by daybreak and return home in the evening after a whole day of back-breaking hard work. Even then they weren't sure if they would get the harvest or will have to suffer starvation. Had she been the daughter of an officer she would have been disheartened by my failure and my inability to sit on an office chair with a pen in my hand."
He was called back to Lahore and admitted in a local school there but he was not interested in studying his course books as they were filled with hypothetical and theoretical knowledge with absolutely no connection or applications in the everyday life. He, however, would spend hours browsing books in the Dyal Singh Library,Lahore and try to gain as much knowledge as he could. Sooner, this boy became a reservoir of the knowledge which some of the greatest scholars could not even dream of possessing.
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