Life of X-ray Tube of CATH LAB

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Sandeep Mashru

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Jun 9, 2017, 12:02:09 PM6/9/17
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Dear Friends,

 

X-ray Tube of Siemens Cathlab has failed.

 

EEIP Annexure as shared in other emails states life for the

·       X-ray tube of CT scan machine.

 

But in CATH LAB there is no counter as in CT. hence life has to be taken in YEARS Only.

 

Can any of our friends who has come information or experience on this suggest or give view on LIFE OF X-ray Tube along supported by some data or information.

 

Thanks & regards

Sandeep Mashru

Nagpur

9422147160

 

 

From: insurance...@googlegroups.com [mailto:insurance...@googlegroups.com] On Behalf Of Chandrasekhara Raju
Sent: Friday, June 9, 2017 4:36 PM
To: Insurance Adjusters
Cc: adjuste...@gmail.com; sai...@adjusterindia.com
Subject: Re: [Adjusters:14063] Life of Laser Diodes in Pre-printing Press

 

Dear Sir,

Thanks for nice presentation.

 

Regards,

dcs raju

On Monday, April 24, 2017 at 5:40:40 PM UTC+5:30, UTS Deepak Kapoor wrote:

Dear sir,

 

We wish to bring a write-up on laser diodes.

 

WHAT IS LASER DIODE

 

A laser diode is a semiconductor device that produces coherent radiation in the visible or infrared (IR) spectrum when current passes through it.

When in use, the L.D. is normally mounted in a laser diode module. The L.D. is driven and its current controlled by the drive circuit. A lens provides the desired beam shape.

L.D. consists of a laser diode, a photo diode, and connecting leads and pins. All of this is housed in a protective metal casing. A clear screen allows the beam to be emitted through a cavity. The working excites the electrons and holes within it. This process then gets amplified within the cavity and lasing takes place. The sides of the L.D. form the mirrors of the cavity and the beam is sent in the two opposite directions. A potential difference creates the pumping action and starts the lasing process.

 

LIFE SPAN OF LASER DIODE

There are a number of factors which affect the overall laser diode lifetime. While a catastrophic failure is one of the more obvious laser diode failure modes.

It is found that the forward current which does not contribute to the light generation causes the light emission characteristics to change. In order to compensate this, it takes more current to produce the same level of light. This controlling is done by automatic power control circuitry in the equipment.

Hence the life span of the laser diode may be considered equivalent to the life of equipment as no machine requires periodical replacement of LD unless it is damaged due to surge.

Laser diodes don't really have a lifespan and can potentially run forever. The things that damage diodes prematurely are power fluctuations, improper grounding, humidity or high temperature variations.

 

If  taking perfect care i.e running it on a perfect power supply, ideal temperature, controlled humidity level, air-conditioned environment etc the laser diode will work till the life of equipment.

 

However the hypothetical life of Laser diodes may be calculated as under.

 

Hours Laser        has imaged  

Failure rate

Survival rate

2500

3%

97

5000

25

75

7500

65

35

8700

80

20

10000

100

0

 

The above hypothesis can’nt be considered as full and final as there are many Digital X-Ray Machine, Flex machine, Laser Printers etc  where these are working and operational since Last Many Years. Actually the Meter reading on the machine indicates following.

1.    ACTUAL RUNNING HRS (COUNTER METER) OF THE MACHINE.

2.    ACTUAL EXPOSURE HRS OF DIODES WHICH WOULD BE DIFFERENT FROM COUNTER METER READING.

3.    IDEAL POWER ON OF MACHINE. Hours the machine’s switch is in the “on” position.   

CAUSES OF FAILURE

Laser diode catastrophic optical damage, COD

Surge currents in laser diodes can lead to the rapid failure. It is found that in laser diodes that if the current is raised to increase the output optical power, a point is reached where the output power suddenly falls away and irreversible damage is entailed. This form of failure is known as Catastrophic Optical Damage, COD.

COD occurs when high output levels cause a short melting of part of the laser diode edge.

In order to prevent the possibility of COD, it is necessary to protect the laser diode from surges.

If the laser diode is not completely destroyed by a surge because it may not be of sufficient magnitude to completely destroy the device, a general deterioration may be caused, causing a shortening of the life. Accordingly it is necessary to run laser diodes well within their ratings to ensure their lifetime is maintained.

 

CONSTRUCTION

Laser diodes are rugged and reliable and offering a high level of performance. Laser diodes are completely solid state devices and don’t require periodical replacements. There is no part of wear and tear nature. It does not involve any tool kit like ink bits head (as used in dot matrix printers which wear out and needs periodical replacement.

 

CONCLUSION AS TO POLICY TERMS AND CONDITION.

 

LASER DIODES ARE FULLY SOLID STATE DEVICE COMPRISING OF ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT  WHICH MODULATE THE LASER BEAM IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE INPUT SETTING PARAMETERS AND DON’T FALL UNDER CATEGORY OF LIMITED LIFE PART AS THERE IS NO PART OF WEAR AND TEAR NATURE. IT DOES NOT INVOLVE ANY TOOL KIT LIKE INK BITS HEAD (AS USED IN DOT MATRIX PRINTERS WHICH WEAR OUT AND NEEDS PERIODICAL REPLACEMENT).

 

IT NORMALLY FAILS ONLY DUE TO SURGE CURRENT. THE PART WHICH FAILS IS ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT. THE FAILURE IS TERMED AS COD.

 

SINCE THE POLICY IS REINSTATEMENT VALUE POLICY AND THE LIFE OF LASER DIODE CAN BE CONSIDERED EQUIVALENT TO THE LIFE OF EQUIPMENT WHERE IT IS USED, HENCE NO DEPRECIATION IS REQUIRED TO BE DEDUCTED.

 

We feel above clarifies the matter. 

 

 

DEEPAK KAPOOR

UDAIPUR 

 

On 23 April 2017 at 07:04, Suresh Chandra Sharma <kalya...@rediffmail.com> wrote:

Dear sir,

Its approx. life is 10000 Hrs in normal working condition.

It's working degraded if power supply  improper & may damages prior to its life span.

Please note that if there is processor of  printing head having hour meter as CT Scan & x ray machines in built.

Please also calculate the hours as per working of insureds.

Suresh Chandra Sharma 

SLA-9860,F/W/00848

06-12-2019


On Apr 22, 2017, at 12:52, Manohar S Sainani <sai...@adjusterindia.com> wrote:

Dear Friends, 

 

There is a Pre-printing press machine preparing master plates for offset printing machines which comprises of Pre-printing press, Laser Head, Processor, Compressor, UPS with Batteries, Compressor, Inverter with batteries, split air conditioners suitable for requisite environment, cameras with BVR & developer modules.

 

This Laser Module is having 32 Laser Diodes & 18 #s have failed because of failure of power supply module. Now pertinent point the issue is:

 

1.      The Plate count is 15000 Plates exposed.

2.      There is no hour meter in the machine 

3.      The life of machines is projected as 5000 Operation hours, the present status of hours is not measurable as machine exhibits plates exposed only.

4.      The case appears to be of Catastrophic Optical Damage (COD) which happens due to surge.

5.      There is no mention of periodical replacement of LDs over a period of time 

6.      According to manufacturer's Indian rep neither LDs call for periodical replacement nor they have a specified life.

I Invite opinion of friends who have worked in this area of expertise / have conducted surveys to please throw light on:

 

a) Admissibility.

b) Applicability of Usage factor / depreciation if any

 

Inputs awaited.

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Best Regards,
 
Deepak Kapoor
DElE, AMIE, AIII, FIISA
SLA – 16727 (24 Sep 2017)
Surveyor & Loss Assessor
Valuer, Engineer


11, Gokul Nagar,
Near Bohra Ganesh ji Temple,
Udaipur - 313001
Rajasthan, India   
 
Cell Ph: + 91 (0) 94141 68142
Ph: (0) (+ 91) 0294 - 2471538,

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Chand Bhatia

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Jun 10, 2017, 12:39:02 AM6/10/17
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Dear Mr. Sandeep

The life of X-Ray tubes is normally taken as number of exposures. Though the tubes may give more exposures, but Tubes possible exposures are defined. Taking the life in days or years is as wrong as taking the life of the engine in years. But Insurance Industry having no research and Development working, are following the same concepts for years. 

Coming back to X-Ray Tube if the machine does not have exposure counter, then the same may be calculated on average basis for the machine having daily exposures and then multiply with number of days. Though this shall be a estimate, but in absence of records, this is the only method to be adopted. 

C K BHATIA

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Best Regards,
 
Deepak Kapoor
DElE, AMIE, AIII, FIISA
SLA – 16727 (24 Sep 2017)
Surveyor & Loss Assessor
Valuer, Engineer


11, Gokul Nagar,
Near Bohra Ganesh ji Temple,
Udaipur - 313001
Rajasthan, India   
 
Cell Ph: + 91 (0) 94141 68142
Ph: (0) (+ 91) 0294 - 2471538,

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c k bhatia
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Sandeep Mashru

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Jun 10, 2017, 3:48:35 AM6/10/17
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Dear Bhatia Sir,

Thanks for reply but getting data for usage of the machine, exposure time utilized is impossible as Doctor cannot provide it for 7 years to calculate usage.

 

Friends please give your views.

Regards

Sandeep Mashru

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Best Regards,
 
Deepak Kapoor
DElE, AMIE, AIII, FIISA
SLA – 16727 (24 Sep 2017)
Surveyor & Loss Assessor
Valuer, Engineer


11, Gokul Nagar,
Near Bohra Ganesh ji Temple,
Udaipur - 313001
Rajasthan, India   
 
Cell Ph: + 91 (0) 94141 68142
Ph: (0) (+ 91) 0294 - 2471538,

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Chand Bhatia

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Jun 12, 2017, 12:23:20 AM6/12/17
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Dear Mr. Sandeep

In any insurance claim, one can not find the figures most accurate. Even the claim we assess is not zero zero accurate. Even the guidelines for surveyors is stated to work out loss as accurate as possible. 

Now coming to exposures of X-Ray Tube, if we take the doctors data of past few days or say months and work out his average daily exposures, we can estimate the total number of exposures that the Tube has been subjected to. This average may be then discussed with the Radiologist and figure adjusted with some logic if presented by insured. This will give us to arrive at fair number of exposures that the tube has been subjected to and then to apply a decision for fair assessment of loss. 

C K BHATIA



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Best Regards,
 
Deepak Kapoor
DElE, AMIE, AIII, FIISA
SLA – 16727 (24 Sep 2017)
Surveyor & Loss Assessor
Valuer, Engineer


11, Gokul Nagar,
Near Bohra Ganesh ji Temple,
Udaipur - 313001
Rajasthan, India   
 
Cell Ph: + 91 (0) 94141 68142
Ph: (0) (+ 91) 0294 - 2471538,

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