Kas Week :: DV :: 19 OCT 07 - 1120 :: Solanum lasiocarpum

[Dinesh Valke]

Kas plateau ... about 4000 ft asl ... one of the 39 World Heritage sites in the Western Ghats of India

19 OCT 07 Solanum lasiocarpum Dunal ... (family: Solanaceae) so-LAN-num -- solace, quietude; referring to narcotic properties of some species ... Dave's Botanary las-ee-oh-KAR-pum -- woolly fruit ... Dave's Botanary commonly known as: Indian nightshade, poison berry, wild Indian brinjal • Assamese: তিতা-ভেকুৰি tita-bhekuri • Gujarati: ઊભી ભોંય રિંગણી ubhi bhoy ringani • Hindi: बरहट्टा barhatta, कोलसा kolsa • Kannada: ಕಿರಿಯ ಗುಳ kiriya gula • Manipuri: leipungkhangga • Marathi: चिंचुरडी chinchurdi, लालकांगोणी lalkangoni • Mizo: maihrem, samtawkte • Nepalese: बिहिँ bihi • Oriya: tutuguno • Sanskrit: बृहती brihati, क्षुद्रभण्टाकी kshudrabhantaaki, प्रचोदिनी prachodini, स्वादुपाका svadupaka, वार्ताकी vaartaaki • Tamil: சிறுவழுதுணை ciru-valutunai, கரிமுள்ளி kari-mulli, நாய்முள்ளி nay-mulli • Telugu: తెల్లములక tellamulaka, వార్తాకి vartaki • Tibetan: bri ha ti Native to: s China, Indian subcontinent, Indo-China, Malesia; cultivated in tropical Asia References: Flowers of India • NPGS / GRIN • ENVIS - FRLHT • DDSA

Regards. Dinesh

[Prabhu kumar KM]

Dear Dineshji Good shot............

But it is not S. lasiocarpum

I think it is Solanum violaceum Ortega ssp. violaceum

Please check.

S. lasiocarpum:  Robust shrubs, to 1.5 m high; stems densely spineus prickled and stellate hairy. Leaves to 35 x 35 cm, ovate-orbicular, entire or shallowly lacerate; stellate hairs unequally armed; petioles 5-10 cm long. Flowers in groups of 2-3, axillary, epedunculate; pedicels short; calyx densely stellate hairy; corolla 3-4 cm across, blue, hairy outside; ovary densely hairy. Berry 3-5 cm across, globose, densely covered with spineus bristles.

Solanum violaceum Ortega ssp. violaceum:   Armed undershrubs, up to 1.5 m tall; branches minutely stellate-hairy on young parts, glabrate when mature.  Leaves 5-12 x 4-7 cm, ovate or ovate-oblong, sinuately to deeply lobed, base rounded or unequal, apex subacute, sparsely stellate-hairy above, stellate-woolly beneath, prickly on the nerves; petiole to 2.5 cm long.  Flowers bluish-violet in extra-axillary racemes; peduncle c. 4 cm long; pedicel to 8 mm long.  Calyx cupular; lobes 5, c. 5 mm long, triangular, prickly.  Corolla c. 2 cm across, campanulate.  Stamens 5; anthers c. 5 mm long.  Ovary c. 2 x 2 mm, globose; stigma acute.  Berry 0.8-1.3 cm across, globose; orange yellow when ripe.

--
Prabhu Kumar K M
Scientist 

Plant Systematics & Genetic Resources Division
Centre for Medicinal Plants Research (CMPR)

& 'CMPR' Herbarium

Kottakkal Arya Vaidya Sala
Kottakkal, Malappuram

E-mail: prabhum...@gmail.com

[Dinesh Valke]

Thank you very very very much Prabhu ji for the correction.
I will do the changes in my flickr notes shortly.
Regards.
Dinesh

[Gurcharan Singh]

I think Prabhu ji is right, it should be S. violaceum with broad-based prickles and purple-violet flowers

However, as per recent interpretation of S. lasiocarpum (these species have been much confused in the past), S. lasiocarpum has only white (and not purple) flowers and characteristic hairy ovary and berry.

http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/research/projects/solanaceaesource/taxonomy/description-detail.jsp?spnumber=3386

http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200020589

-- 

Dr. Gurcharan Singh

Retired  Associate Professor
SGTB Khalsa College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007
Res: 932 Anand Kunj, Vikas Puri, New Delhi-110018.
Phone: 011-25518297  Mob: 9810359089

http://www.gurcharanfamily.com/ 
http://people.du.ac.in/~singhg45/ 

--
 
 
 

[Satish Phadke]

Why not Solanum anguivi?which is reported from KAS
Dr Satish Phadke

--
 
 
 

[Gurcharan Singh]

The plant often gone under the name Solanum indicum in Indian Floras has now been understood as several species. One such is S. anguivi which has again white flowers with purple veins on outside and more important there are numerous berries in a bunch.

http://database.prota.org/PROTAhtml/Solanum%20anguivi_Fr.htm

Please also see the key on our website

https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/species/m---z/s/solanaceae/solanum

-- 

Dr. Gurcharan Singh

Retired  Associate Professor
SGTB Khalsa College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007
Res: 932 Anand Kunj, Vikas Puri, New Delhi-110018.
Phone: 011-25518297  Mob: 9810359089

http://www.gurcharanfamily.com/ 
http://people.du.ac.in/~singhg45/ 

[Dinesh Valke]

Dear all,

ID of the posted plant is suggested as Solanum hovei Dunal at iNaturalist.

More about

SAHNI, K. C.; NAITHANI, H. B.. A Note on the Occurrence of Solanum hovei Dunal in India. Indian Forester, [S.l.], p. 580-583, oct. 1973. ISSN 2321-094X. Available at: <https://www.indianforester.co.in/index.php/indianforester/article/view/27060>.
doi:10.36808/if/1975/v101i10/27060.

Regards.

Dinesh

[J.M. Garg]

solanaceaesource gives quite a detailed inf.
Pl. check with this also and confirm.

As per this:
Deb (1979) relegated S. hovei to the synonymy of the widespread and highly variable Solanum violaceum (as S. indicum). Solanum violaceum differs from S. hovei in having recurved cauline prickles, broadly elliptic to ovate leaves, sinuate to more deeply lobed leaf margins, rounded to subcordate leaf bases, and erect fruiting pedicels. In contrast, S. hovei has predominantly straight cauline prickles, rhombic to subelliptic leaves, shallowly triangular-lobed leaf margins, acute to short-attenuate leaf bases, and often recurved fruiting pedicels.

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--

With regards,
J.M.Garg

[J.M. Garg]

Any more feedback, Dinesh ji, based on detailed differences between the two as given?

--

With regards,
J.M.Garg

[Dinesh Valke]

Hi Garg ji, actually I was not at desk for some time. Now returning home.

As far as the points you have asked me to consider, I am afraid I will be to analyze them. 

Regards.

Dinesh

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[J.M. Garg]

Thanks, Dinesh ji,

I think you can. 

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J. M. Garg

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[Dinesh Valke]

Thanks Garg ji,

I certainly would, if I could.

I have requested plantperson7654 to give his thoughts.

Regards.

Dinesh

[Dinesh Valke]

Hi Garg ji,

plantperson7654 has given his thoughts, and I quote him here ...

"

I identified this as S. hovei rather than S. violaceum based on the information in this Phytokeys research article. They include a photo of S. hovei and the following discussion under the section for S. hovei:

"Solanum hovei is a member of a group of species identified in the molecular analyses of Aubriot et al. (2016a) as the ‘S. violaceum group’. It is morphologically similar to the sympatric and widespread S. violaceum but differs from it in having leaves with more sparsely pubescent adaxial surfaces and cuneate (rather than acute or truncate) bases. The pedicels of S. hovei are strongly deflexed in fruit, while those of S. violaceum are spreading. Solanum multiflorum of western India also has strongly deflexed pedicels, but they are shorter, and the leaves are densely pubescent with longer trichomes.

Sen Gupta (1964) suggested S. hovei was a rare plant in the Western Ghats, but the number of recent collections in local herbaria suggest otherwise. It is probable that S. hovei was largely confused with S. violaceum in herbaria (usually identified as S. indicum)."

The leaf shape, type of stem prickles and deflexed fruiting pedicels of this plant indicate S. hovei in my opinion.

There's also this under the section for S. violaceum:
"Solanum violaceum is sympatric with its close relatives S. deflexicarpum of southern China, S. hovei, and S. multiflorum, the latter two endemic to India. All of these species have strongly deflexed pedicels in fruit, while those of S. violaceum are broadly spreading and usually longer."

S. violaceum for comparison, with differently shaped leaf bases and spreading fruiting pedicels. Its stems are either unarmed or armed with (usually) curved prickles.

And as discussed in your link, S. lasiocarpum is a different plant with broader leaves, white flowers, and pubescent fruits

"

Regards.

Dinesh

[J.M. Garg]

Thanks a lot, Dinesh ji, for this feedback.

It certainly gives us more clarity. 

--

With regards,
J.M.Garg