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Erect, stout, aromatic shrubs or under-shrubs,
1–2.5 m tall. Stems branched; branches thick, terete,
densely white tomentose.
Leaves thick, leathery,
oblong-lanceolate; petioles short 0.5–0.7 mm long,
acute-obtuse at base, margins glandular-dentate,
5–20 × 1–5 cm, densely silky woolly on lower
surface, dark green and hairy on upper surface.
Heads in corymbs, compact, 0.5–1 cm in diam.,
densely silky; peduncles up to 12 cm long.
Involucral bracts imbricate, 4-seriate, pale green,
very variable in size and number; outer bracts
shorter than inner, elliptic, lanceolate to linear ensiform, herbaceous to thin papery, 1–5 mm long,
rigid; hairs white, dense, silky tomentose.
Ray
florets absent or very few, shortly radiate. Disc
florets yellow, tubular, 4.2 mm long, 5-toothed,
prominently ribbed; corolla campanulate, papillate
at the tip. Cypselae 1.5–2 × 0.25–0.5 mm, yellowish brown, narrowly obovate-oblong, densely
sericeous, silky hairy, with a prominent base,
8–10-ribbed. Pappus bristles 22–24, 1-seriate, 5–6
mm long, off-white.
Flowering and fruiting from
August to late February.
Chromosome number: 2n = 20, 40 (Kumar &
Subramaniam, 1987).
Habitat: Frequent along road-sides, among rock
crevices and boulders, between 850–3500 m
elevation.
Distribution: China, India, Java, Nepal, Pakistan and Thailand.
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Erect, stout shrubs, 50–100 cm tall; branches terete,
brownish-purple, glabrous or scarcely pubescent.
Leaves elliptic, ovate to lanceolate, 3.15–14 × 1.5–
6 cm, acute or shortly acuminate at apex, attenuate
at base, glandular, petiolate, margin dentate,
membranous, upper surface dark green, glabrous,
rough, lower surface pale, pubescent, serrulate.
Heads heterogamous, polycephalous but not
compact, radiating, in terminal corymbs,
pedunculate. Capitula 1–1.5 cm in diam.
Involucral
bracts imbricate, 1–5 mm long, 5-seriate, elliptic,
lanceolate, linear to ligulate/herbaceous to thin
papery, pubescent and rarely glandular above, with
prominent mid-rib, dark green.
Ray florets radiate,
yellow, 5–10 mm long, 3-toothed. Disc florets 6–
8 mm long, campanulate, 5-toothed, yellow.
Cypselae narrowly obovate-oblong, 1.5–2 × 0.25–
0.5 mm, reddish brown with sparsely white
pubescent surface, silky-hairy, 8–10-ribbed. Pappus
bristles 22–26, 1-seriate, 4–5 mm long, creamgolden.
Flowering & fruiting: Flowering from June to early
December.
Chromosome number: 2n = 20 (Kumar & Subramaniam, 1987).
Habitat: Common in open places, steep hill slopes, along the edges of the forests, river banks and among rock crevices, from 900–2000 m elevation.
Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Nepal and Pakistan.
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Stout shrubs, 1–3 m tall. Stem pubescent, terete;
branches brownish-purple.
Leaves spirally
arranged, rigid, leathery, shortly petioled; lamina
elliptic-oblong or lanceolate-acuminate, 5–25 ×
1.5–7.5 cm, coriaceous, irregularly toothed, cuneate
or rounded at base, dark green above, scabrid, pale
green below, pubescent, dense towards nerves,
sometimes glandular, lateral nerves prominent,
shorter, with much-reticulated nervation beneath.
Corymbs polycephalous. Heads terminal or in
upper axillary panicles; capitula crowned with short
peduncles, 0.5–1.0 cm in diam.
Involucral bracts
2–4 × 0.5–1.0 mm long, 4-seriate, lax, imbricate,
lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, brownish, villous to
velutinous, sometimes glandular at tip.
Ray florets
a few, shortly radiate. Disc florets tubular, 5-
toothed. Cypselae narrowly obovate–oblong, 1.5–
2.0 × 0.25–0.5 mm, yellowish brown, sparsely white
pubescent, 8–10-ribbed. Pappus uniseriate, bristles
22–24, 4–5 mm long, cream-golden.
Flowering & fruiting:
Flowering and fruiting from
August to February.
Chromosome number: 2n = 20 (Kumar & Subramaniam, 1987).
Habitat: Grows on rocky slopes, between 1700–
1800 m elevations.
Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Laos, Myanmar,
Nepal, Pakistan, Thailand and Vietnam.
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