Duhaldea cuspidata vs Duhaldea cappa vs Duhaldea eupatorioides

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J.M. Garg

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Dec 4, 2023, 10:04:12 AM12/4/23
to efloraofindia, Saroj Kasaju
Here are the keys as per The genus Duhaldea (Asteraceae) in India (2020):
4a. Heads discoid/ homogamous; leaves covered with dense silky woolly hairs on lower surface .........D. cappa
4b. Heads radiate/ heterogamous; leaves not covered with dense silky woolly hairs on lower surface ........... 5
5a. Leaves membranous; petioles slender; ray- florets 5–10 mm long...... D. cuspidata
5b. Leaves rigid, leathery/coriaceous, much reticulated venation beneath; petiole stout; ray florets up to 5 mm long ......... D. eupatorioides
Detailed description is given below as per The genus Duhaldea (Asteraceae) in India (2020): 

Duhaldea cappa (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) Pruski& Anderb.  

Duhaldea cuspidata (Wall. ex DC.) Anderb.

Duhaldea eupatorioides (Wall. ex DC.) Anderb.  

Erect, stout, aromatic shrubs or under-shrubs, 1–2.5 m tall. Stems branched; branches thick, terete, densely white tomentose.
Leaves thick, leathery, oblong-lanceolate; petioles short 0.5–0.7 mm long, acute-obtuse at base, margins glandular-dentate, 5–20 × 1–5 cm, densely silky woolly on lower surface, dark green and hairy on upper surface.





Heads in corymbs, compact, 0.5–1 cm in diam.,
densely silky; peduncles up to 12 cm long.


Involucral bracts imbricate, 4-seriate, pale green, very variable in size and number; outer bracts shorter than inner, elliptic, lanceolate to linear ensiform, herbaceous to thin papery, 1–5 mm long, rigid; hairs white, dense, silky tomentose.
Ray florets absent or very few, shortly radiate. Disc florets yellow, tubular, 4.2 mm long, 5-toothed, prominently ribbed; corolla campanulate, papillate at the tip. Cypselae 1.5–2 × 0.25–0.5 mm, yellowish
 brown, narrowly obovate-oblong, densely sericeous, silky hairy, with a prominent base, 8–10-ribbed. Pappus bristles 22–24, 1-seriate, 5–6 mm long, off-white. 

Flowering and fruiting from August to late February.

Chromosome number: 2n = 20, 40 (Kumar & Subramaniam, 1987).

Habitat: Frequent along road-sides, among rock crevices and boulders, between 850–3500 m elevation.



Distribution: China, India, Java, Nepal, Pakistan and Thailand. 

Erect, stout shrubs, 50–100 cm tall; branches terete, brownish-purple, glabrous or scarcely pubescent.

Leaves elliptic, ovate to lanceolate, 3.15–14 × 1.5– 6 cm, acute or shortly acuminate at apex, attenuate at base, glandular, petiolate, margin dentate, membranous, upper surface dark green, glabrous, rough, lower surface pale, pubescent, serrulate.





Heads heterogamous
, polycephalous but not compact, radiating, in terminal corymbs, pedunculate. Capitula 1–1.5 cm in diam.
Involucral bracts imbricate, 1–5 mm long, 5-seriate, elliptic, lanceolate, linear to ligulate/herbaceous to thin papery, pubescent and rarely glandular above, with prominent mid-rib, dark green.

Ray florets radiate, yellow, 5–10 mm long, 3-toothed. Disc florets 6– 8 mm long, campanulate, 5-toothed, yellow. Cypselae narrowly obovate-oblong, 1.5–2 × 0.25– 0.5 mm, reddish brown with sparsely white pubescent surface, silky-hairy, 8–10-ribbed. Pappus bristles 22–26, 1-seriate, 4–5 mm long, creamgolden.



Flowering & fruiting: Flowering from June to early December.

Chromosome number: 2n = 20 (Kumar & Subramaniam, 1987).
 
  

Habitat: Common in open places, steep hill slopes, along the edges of the forests, river banks and among rock crevices, from 900–2000 m elevation.

Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Nepal and Pakistan.

Stout shrubs, 1–3 m tall. Stem pubescent, terete; branches brownish-purple.

Leaves spirally arranged, rigid, leathery, shortly petioled; lamina elliptic-oblong or lanceolate-acuminate, 5–25 × 1.5–7.5 cm, coriaceous, irregularly toothed, cuneate or rounded at base, dark green above, scabrid, pale green below, pubescent, dense towards nerves, sometimes glandular, lateral nerves prominent, shorter, with much-reticulated nervation beneath.

Corymbs polycephalous. Heads terminal or in upper axillary panicles; capitula crowned with short peduncles, 0.5–1.0 cm in diam.

Involucral bracts 2–4 × 0.5–1.0 mm long, 4-seriate, lax, imbricate, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, brownish, villous to velutinous, sometimes glandular at tip.


Ray florets a few, shortly radiate. Disc florets tubular, 5- toothed. Cypselae narrowly obovate–oblong, 1.5– 2.0 × 0.25–0.5 mm, yellowish brown, sparsely white pubescent, 8–10-ribbed. Pappus uniseriate, bristles 22–24, 4–5 mm long, cream-golden. Flowering & fruiting:





Flowering and fruiting from August to February.

Chromosome number: 2n = 20 (Kumar & Subramaniam, 1987).

Habitat: Grows on rocky slopes, between 1700– 1800 m elevations.




Distribution: Bhutan, China, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Thailand and Vietnam. 

 

 

 

 

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With regards,
J.M.Garg

Saroj Kasaju

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Dec 4, 2023, 10:18:38 AM12/4/23
to J.M. Garg, efloraofindia

Thank you Mr. Garg !

Saroj Kasaju

Mandru Ramesh Chowdary

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Dec 24, 2023, 12:36:35 AM12/24/23
to efloraindia, J.M. Garg
Thank you for Garg sir for detailed info

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