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Calophyllum inophyllum | Clusiaceae | Ballnut, Punnaga, Alexandrine laurel or the tamanu oil tree, Undi | Flowering- Someshwar beach, Mangalore- June 8, 2008- Raghu ji. Few flowers on 28/7/07 at Botanical Gardens, Kolkata- J.M.Garg | Calophyllum inophyllum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia | Calophyllum inophyllum - as they receive their first dunking - indiantreepix | Google Groups | Fwd: Fw: [Indiantreepix] Calophyllum inophyllum - as they receive their first dunking - indiantreepix | Google Groups |
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Allspice
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Allspice
Allspice
Allspice
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Pimenta
Species: P. dioica
Binomial name
Pimenta dioica
(L.) Merr.
Allspice, also called Jamaica pepper,"Kurundu" Myrtle pepper,
pimento[1] , or newspice, is a spice which is the dried unripe fruit
of the Pimenta dioica plant, a tree native to the West Indies,
southern Mexico and Central America. The name "allspice" was coined by
the English, who thought it combined the flavour of several aromatic
spices, such as cinnamon, nutmeg, and cloves.
Contents
[hide]
* 1 Preparation/Form
* 2 Uses
* 3 Cultivation
o 3.1 International naming
* 4 References
o 4.1 Notes
o 4.2 Works cited
* 5 External links
[edit] Preparation/Form
Ground allspice is not, as some people believe, a mixture of spices.
Rather, it is the dried fruit of the Pimenta dioica plant. The fruit
is picked when it is green and unripe and traditionally dried in the
sun. When dry, the fruits are brown and resemble large brown
peppercorns. The whole fruits have a longer shelf life than the
powdered product and produce a more aromatic product when freshly
ground before use.
The leaves of the allspice plant are also used in cooking. For
cooking, fresh leaves are used where available: they are similar in
texture to bay leaves and are thus infused during cooking and then
removed before serving. Unlike bay leaves, they lose much flavour when
dried and stored. The leaves and wood are often used for smoking meats
where allspice is a local crop. Allspice can also be found in
essential oil form.
[edit] Uses
Pimenta dioica Dried, unripe fruits of allspice
Pimenta dioica Dried, unripe fruits of allspice
Allspice is one of the most important ingredients of Caribbean
cuisine. It is used in Caribbean jerk seasoning (the wood is used to
smoke jerk in Jamaica, although the spice is a good substitute), in
mole sauces, and in pickling; it is also an ingredient in commercial
sausage preparations and curry powders. Allspice is also indispensable
in Middle Eastern cuisine, particularly in the Levant where it is used
to flavor a variety of stews and meat dishes. In Palestinian cuisine,
for example, many main dishes call for allspice as the sole spice
added for flavoring. In America, it is used mostly in desserts, but it
is also responsible for giving Cincinnati-style chili its distinctive
aroma and flavor as well. Allspice is commonly used in Great Britain
and appears in many dishes, including in cakes. Even in many countries
where allspice is not very popular in the household, such as Germany,
it is used in large amounts by commercial sausage makers. Allspice is
also a main flavor used in barbecue sauces.[citation needed] In the
West Indies, an allspice liqueur called "pimento dram" is produced.
Allspice has also been used as a deodorant. Volatile oils found in the
plant contain eugenol, a weak antimicrobial agent (Yaniv, Sohara et
al. 2005). Allspice is also purported to provide relief for
indigestion and gas[2].
[edit] Cultivation
Allspice is a small scrubby tree, quite similar to the bay laurel in
size and form. It can be grown outdoors in the tropics and subtropics
with normal garden soil and watering. Smaller plants can be killed by
frost, although larger plants are more tolerant. It adapts well to
container culture and can be kept as a houseplant or in a greenhouse.
The plant is dioecious, meaning plants are either male or female and
hence male and female plants must be kept in proximity in order to
allow fruits to develop.
To protect the pimento trade the plant was guarded against export from
Jamaica. It is reported that many attempts were made at growing the
pimento from seeds, all failed. At one time it was thought that the
plant would grow nowhere else except in Jamaica where the plant was
readily spread by birds. Experiments were then performed using the
constituents of bird droppings, however these were also totally
unsuccessful. Eventually it was realized that an elevated temperature,
such as that found inside a bird's body, was essential for germinating
the seeds.
[edit] International naming
Бахар (Bahar) in Bulgarian
Пименто (Pimento) in Macedonian
Ziele angielskie in Polish
Nové koření in Czech
[edit] References
[edit] Notes
1. ^ Note however, that the name pimento is also used for a certain
kind of large, red, heart-shaped sweet pepper that measures three to
four inches long and two to three inches wide. The flesh of this
pimento is sweet, succulent and more aromatic than that of the red
bell pepper. These pimentos are the familiar red stuffing found in
quality green olives.
2. ^ The healing power of Spices; CBC
[edit] Works cited
* Herbs, Spices and Flavourings, Tom Stobart, Penguin books, 1977
* Yaniv, Zohara et al. Hand Book of Medicinal Plants. 10 Alice
Street, Bringhamton, NY 13904-1580: Food Products Press(r), 2005.
[edit] External links
* Pimenta dioica at Floridata Plant Encyclopedia (an excellent reference)
* Pimenta dioica at The Herb Society of America
* Pimenta doica at Plants of Hawaii
* Allspice at Gernot Katzer's Spice Pages
* Allspice at Trade Winds Fruit
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Herbs and spices
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