Smilax wallichii Kunth

[Saroj Kasaju]

Dear Members,

Location: Suryavinayak, Bhaktapur, Nepal 

Date: 02 March 2023

Elevation: 1364 m.

Habit : Wild

Thank you.

Saroj Kasaju

[Saroj Kasaju]

Thank you.

Saroj Kasaju

[Saroj Kasaju]

[Saroj Kasaju]

Thank you.

Saroj Kasaju

[Saroj Kasaju]

[Saroj Kasaju]

[Saroj Kasaju]

[J.M. Garg]

How is it different from images at
https://efloraofindia.com/2017/03/03/smilax-lanceifolia/?

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With regards,
J.M.Garg

[Saroj Kasaju]

Thank you.

Saroj Kasaju

[J.M. Garg]

Any keys?

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With regards,
J. M. Garg

[Saroj Kasaju]

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Thank you.

Saroj Kasaju

[Saroj Kasaju]

[J.M. Garg]

Are these from two different books?

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With regards,
J.M.Garg

[Saroj Kasaju]

Same book !

Thank you.

Saroj Kasaju

[J.M. Garg]

But I am not able to relate them s.no. wise.

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With regards,
J.M.Garg

[Saroj Kasaju]

Do you mean by Keys pages ?

Thank you.

Saroj Kasaju

[J.M. Garg]

Maybe yes. I do not see continuity between these two pages.

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With regards,
J.M.Garg

[Saroj Kasaju]

[Saroj Kasaju]

[Saroj Kasaju]

[J.M. Garg]

Thanks, Saroj ji.

It says inflorescence single umbel, costate, trinerved for S.lanceifolia and branched umbel, costate, trinerved or triplinerved for S.wallichii

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With regards,
J.M.Garg

[J.M. Garg]

I will further examine, with the detailed descriptions.

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With regards,
J.M.Garg

[Saroj Kasaju]

Thank you Mr. Garg 

Saroj Kasaju

[J.M. Garg]

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With regards,
J.M.Garg

[J.M. Garg]

Hi, Saroj ji.

As per keys, it should be S.lanceifolia. 

I have not found a description of S.wallichii on the net.

Can you post it here for further examination? 

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With regards,
J.M.Garg

[J.M. Garg]

Sorry, you have already posted it.

I will check.

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With regards,
J.M.Garg

[J.M. Garg]

Here are the details: 

From your book (S.wallichii)

From your book (S.lanceifolia)

Large climbing vine reaching sometimes up to the top canopy of the forest, with stout stems. Flowering branches, terete, striate and sparsely prickly, prickles hooked downwards; stem cross section round; scales 1.5*1 cm, brown. Leaves shining green; petioles winged, non clasping, wings triangular 1-2 mm long, wings narrow in younger leaves; tendrils arising in pair from the base of the wings; abscission at the base of the tendrils; leaves shape oblanceolate to lanceolate, leaf base truncate, apex acuminate; nerves 5-7, triplinerved, two lateral veins jointed upto 3 mm above the leaf base, marginal veins weak. Inflorescence branched umbel containing 1-3 umbels, sometimes solitary umbel. one or more rudimentary umble is always present; bracts present, almost triangular, 4-5*3-3.5 mm, arising from half of the peduncle where the umbel branches; receptacle reniform; prophylls present, triangular 7*7 mm, tio acuminate; peduncle longer than pedicel; 25-40 flowers per umbel in male, 15-25 flowers per umbel in female. Staminate flower: flowers bell shaped; perianth 6, dimorphic, arranged in two whorls, outer lanceolate, 9*3 mm, inner linear, 9*1 mm, recurved on blooming; stamens 6, ca 9 mm long, all equal in size, filaments 8 mm long, fales union up to 3.5-4 mm from the base, anther lobes white, lanceolate, 1-1.5 mm long. Female flowers: smaller the male, light green, perianth 6, arranged in two whorls, outer whorl of lanceolate, 5.5*2.5 mm, inner whorl of linear, 5*1 mm; staminodes 3, arising from the gap of inner and outer perianth, linear, 3-3.5 mm; stigma 3, curved downwards, almost reniform, 1.5*1 mm. Fruit berry, 4-5 mm diameter, green when unripe, young fruit is always glaucous, red when ripe.

Climbing vine with long, woody, terete stems; scales 2, Outer one covering inner one 7*4 mm; flowering branches elongate, terete or obscurely angular, smooth, sometimes variegated, 2-3 mm across, green. Leaves dark green; petioles 10-15 mm, bent upward above the middle, lower petiole winged for 6-8 mm, wings narrow 2-3 mm wide; tendrils rudimentary in flowering branch, strong and persistent in non-flowering branch; blades variable in shape and size, broadly oblanceolate to lanceolate, 5-16*2-8 cm, upper surface shining; base obtuse, apex acuminate, trinerved, 3+2 nerved, sometimes 2 lateral nerves present in large leaves not terminating at the apex veinlets distinct in lower surface. Inflorescence single umbel, bracts single, almost triangular, 3*4 mm, obtuse; 15-20 flowers per umbel in male, 10-15 flowers per umbel in female, receptacle reniform; pedicle always longer than the peduncle. Staminate flowers light green, perianth 6, arranged in two whorls, inner whorl linear, 5*1 mm, alternating outer whorl lanceolate, 5-6*1.5-2 mm, stamens 6, dimorphic, longer stamens 6 mm long alternating with short stamens 5 mm, anther lobes ca 1 mm long white, spathulate, extrose. Pistillate flowers light green; perianth shorter than staminate flower, dimorphic, outer almost triangular 2.5*1 mm, alternating inner almost linear, 2.5*0.5 mm; staminodes 3, pointed apex bifurcate, ca 1 mm long; stigma 2, reniform, ca 1 mm long, ovary oval, disc present. Fruit berry, dark green when immature, ca 2 mm in diameter. As per Flora of China Vines climbing. Stem branched, terete, 1--2 m, woody; branchlets occasionally zigzagged. Petiole 1--2(--2.5) cm, narrowly winged for 1/5--1/4 its length; abscission zone at middle; tendrils usually present. Leaf blade lanceolate to ovate-oblong, 6--17 × 2--8 cm. Inflorescence of 1(or 2) umbels, basally prophyllate; peduncle 1--1.5 cm, proximally articulate; umbels of both sexes densely 20--30-flowered, base slightly thickened. Male flowers: tepals yellowish green, 3--4.5 × ca. 1 mm; stamens 3--4 mm. Female flowers: tepals 1.5--2 × ca. 0.6 mm; staminodes 6. Berries yellowish red to black, globose, 6--7 mm in diam. Fl. Sep--Mar, fr. Oct--Nov.

All these points of it being S.lanceilfolia. 

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With regards,
J.M.Garg

[Saroj Kasaju]

Dear Mr. Garg,

Please have a look at these two  images, one each from Suryabinayak, S. wallichii having 

all leaf venation emerging from the base of the leaf, and from Phulchoki, S. lanceifolia having

leaf venation emerging differently from the base of the leaf.

May I have your opinion please !

Thank you.

Saroj Kasaju

On Tue, Mar 21, 2023 at 8:43 PM Saroj Kasaju <kasaj...@gmail.com> wrote:

Dear Mr. Garg,

Please have a look at these two  images, one each from Suryabinayak, S. wallichii having 

all leaf venation emerging from the base of the leaf, and from Phulchoki, S. lanceifolia having

leaf venation emerging differently from the base of the leaf.

May I have your opinion please !

Thank you.

Saroj Kasaju

[J.M. Garg]

Based on detailed description and keys, 1st one is S.lanceifolia and 2nd one is S. wallichii. 

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With regards,
J.M.Garg

[Saroj Kasaju]

This is 

Smilax wallichii Kunth !

Thank you.

Saroj Kasaju

[Mandru Ramesh Chowdary]

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[J.M. Garg]

No, it is S.lanceifolia

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With regards,
J.M.Garg

[J.M. Garg]

On detailed checking as per your another post (Smilax lanceifolia Roxb.), both these images are of S.lanceifolia. 

---------- Forwarded message ---------
From: Saroj Kasaju <kasaj...@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 21 Mar 2023 at 20:30
Subject: Re: Smilax wallichii Kunth

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With regards,
J.M.Garg

[Saroj Kasaju]

Mr. Sajan Subedi has confirmed this as S. wallichii !

Thank you.

Saroj Kasaju

[J.M. Garg]

Thanks, Saroj ji,
That means the keys given in the book are not correct to differentiate the two. 

Can you get the keys between the two, from him?

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With regards,
J.M.Garg

[Saroj Kasaju]

I have already sent you keys for all sp. from his book.

Thank you.

Saroj Kasaju

[J.M. Garg]

But those are not correct as they lead to wrong identification.

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With regards,
J.M.Garg

[Saroj Kasaju]

Dear Mr. Garg, 

He has suggested to refer to the Flora of taiwan.

Thank you.

Saroj Kasaju

[J.M. Garg]

But keys available online as in
http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=101&taxon_id=130567

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With regards,
J.M.Garg

[J.M. Garg]

But no keys available online as in
http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=101&taxon_id=130567

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With regards,
J.M.Garg

[Saroj Kasaju]

Keys and descriptions from the Flora of Bhutan !

Thank you.

Saroj Kasaju

[J.M. Garg]

I checked with our observations in eFI. But these keys and illustrations also does not satisfy the difference between the two.

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With regards,
J. M. Garg

[J.M. Garg]

Better to ask the Expert Sh. Subedi (?).

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With regards,
J.M.Garg

[Saroj Kasaju]

Nepali Name : कुकुरडाइनु Kukuradaainu 

Thank you.

Saroj Kasaju