 Simranheer...........
--- On Wed, 8/12/10, Mufaddal Poonawala <mufad...@iipm.edu> wrote:
From: Mufaddal Poonawala <mufad...@iipm.edu>
Subject: NEP Reading 5
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Cc: "shirani nayar" <shiran...@iipm.edu>, "Ganesh Shukla" <ganesh...@iipm.edu>, "Varun Tej Kuppili" <varun...@iipm.edu>, "Divya Sharma" <div...@iipm.edu>, kanchan...@gmail.com, "academics iipm hyd" <requesta...@gmail.com>
Date: Wednesday, 8 December, 2010, 7:50 PM
Dear All,
Some articles for your reading..
- How the Financial Crisis Affects the Poor
- Developing Countries Are Increasingly Major Users of Discriminatory Trade Barriers
- Public Disclosure of Performance Ratings: A Tool for Pollution Control in Developing Countries
- Can Africa Replicate Asia's Green Revolution in Rice?
- Conference: Agriculture for Development — Revisited.
How the Financial Crisis Affects the Poor
The financial crisis that began in industrial countries has affected developing countries through higher interest rates, sharp swings in commodity prices, and declines in investment, trade, migration, and remittances, according to a new working paper by Justin Yifu Lin and Will Martin. For most low-income countries, shocks affecting food prices or wage rates for unskilled workers seem likely to have the biggest impact on poverty: lower food prices associated with the crisis help reduce poverty, while declining trade, investment and remittance flows hurt the poor. Policies addressing the crisis must include measures to deal with problems in the financial sector, the resulting drop in aggregate demand and the particular vulnerabilities of poor people. Given the complex impact of financial crises and commodity price shocks, there is a strong case for developing better social safety net
policies, which can offset the negative impact of different shocks on poor people without creating costly market distortions.
World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 5431. Forthcoming in Agricultural Economics.
Developing Countries Are Increasingly Major Users of Discriminatory Trade Barriers
Developing countries imposed temporary trade barriers -- such as antidumping, safeguard, and countervailing duty policies -- on 40 percent more products during the global economic crisis of 2008-2009 than in 2007, according to a new working paper by Chad Bown. By contrast, the increase in all product lines by major users of such policies was 25 percent. The trend, however, didn’t start from the financial crisis: it was already visible in 1990-2007. Furthermore, the paper, for the first time, identified a trend that a much larger share of China’s exports to other developing countries was subject to foreign-imposed antidumping than its exports to developed economies. That was also the case with a number of other major developing economy exporters, deepening concern that these discriminatory trade barriers are increasingly a “South-South”
phenomenon.
World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 5436
Public Disclosure of Performance Ratings: A Tool for Pollution Control in Developing Countries
Experience in several developing countries suggests that environmental performance rating and disclosure programs can substitute or complement traditional pollution regulation, according to two new working papers by Yanhong Jin, Hua Wang and David Wheeler. The programs, which can benefit well-performing businesses and the environment, are especially attractive to developing countries having difficulty monitoring and enforcing environmental laws and regulations. In China’s Jiangsu Province, for example, the “Green Watch” performance rating and disclosure program led to more pollution reduction among rated companies than non-rated ones, after adjusting for differences among characteristics of firms and initial levels of environmental performance. Bad performers made more progress than good performers, even though firms moderately out
of compliance improved more than firms that lagged far behind -- probably because of the higher costs of making improvements. The program has put pressure on firm managers to improve performance. Managers see better ratings help improve their market competitiveness, overall market value and relationships with different stakeholder groups. Equally important, managers of firms with bad ratings tend to perceive deterioration in their economic standing and stakeholder relationships.
World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 5419
Can Africa Replicate Asia’s Green Revolution in Rice?
Asia's transformational green revolution, which improved the lives of millions of poor households, occurred under conditions similar to those found in Africa today. So is Africa poised for its own green revolution, especially in rice? To a degree, a rice revolution has already begun in Africa, according to a new working paper by Donald F. Larson, Keijiro Otsuka, Kei Kajisa, Jonna Estudillo, and Aliou Diagne. Indeed, the use of Asian rice technology has produced success stories and will be especially important to households in West Africa, where rice production and consumption figure prominently. Overall, rice has become an increasingly important part of African diets and rice imports have grown. Agronomists point out that large areas in Africa are well suited for rice and are encouraged by the field tests of new rice varieties. At the same time, the impact of an African Green
Revolution on incomes and poverty will likely be less sweeping than in Asia, partly because rice plays a less central role in African diets and livelihoods. And, because diets, markets and geography are heterogeneous in Africa, the successful transformation of the Africa's rice sector must be matched by productivity gains in other crops to fully launch Africa's Green Revolution. The authors reach the conclusion after reviewing recent literature on rice technologies and their impact on productivity, incomes and poverty. They also compare current conditions in Africa with those that prevailed in Asia as its rice revolution got under way.
World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 5478 | Also included in the book, Rice in the Global Economy: Strategic Research and Policy Issues for Food Security.
CONFERENCE: Agriculture for Development -- Revisited. Berkeley, Calif., Oct. 1-2, 2010.
Top researchers and policy makers gathered at the conference in an effort to redefine agriculture’s role in development, which has changed dramatically in the aftermath of recent food, financial and climate change crises. New trends and policy-implementing lessons have emerged since the 2008 World Bank World Development Report, which laid out the key role agriculture played in development and called attention to the risks of neglecting the sector. The Berkeley conference produced a rich set of research papers and policy briefs that can guide future agriculture research, policy and investments, as well as rural development in developing countries.
Click here to access the papers and read more about the conference.
--
Regards,
Mufaddal Poonawala
Research Associate Academics
The IIPM, Hyderabad
Office: 040- 30611280 / 230
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