I would argue that you're asking too much that HPD incorporate a sub-specialty attribute. On the surface you're "only" asking for a sub specialty, but today's sub-specialty is tomorrows general-specialty with 5 sub-variants. And the fact is that today's specialty terminologies are already deeply hierarchical. Any such differentiation today is an artificial construct.
I further contend that such hierarchy is not so well suited for ldap anyway. As evidence, the provider:org, and org:org relationship mappings are complicated enough without starting to squeeze more hierarchical concepts in there.
So I'm not aware of any plans to add this. Could it be done? Probably. But I'm far from convinced it can't already be done with the schema as-is. I believe clients that wish to do clever things with specialty hierarchies as you describe can easily take that task on themselves. Basically the client can retrieve all specialties on the provider and map that to their specialty hierarchy tree... then you have everything you need to handle the hierarchy in your display. You can display the tree directly, or extract just the leaf nodes and call those the sub-specialties.