Mkv To Mp4 Converter Lossless
Bubba Lual
FLAC is a lossless audio file format. It is similar to MP3 format but the main difference between these 2 formats is FLAC file compress the file size without changing the quality of audio. It can compress an audio file up to half of its original size using lossless compression algorithm.
Sony's RAW files is not directly readable under LR, so I have to use DNG converter first. The converted file size drop from original 80MB (uncompressed RAW from A7R3) to 40MB. So I am curious what's point of choosing to save as uncompressed RAW files and then lost half of the size even before anything done.
Sony's uncompressed raw files are as the name implies, uncompressed. As far as I know, DNG files use lossless compression to reduce file size while preserving all raw data. I once did a comparison in RawDigger which revealed the same 14-bit resolution for a Sony uncompressed raw and the DNG converted file.
But you have NOT lost half of the information. The DNG converter uses compression. That's why the file is smaller. There is "lossless" compression, and not a pixel gets changed, even though the file is smaller. There is also "lossy" compression, which further reduces the size, and yes, some pixels get changed, but the difference in the appearance of the image is very slight.
On the other hand, the DXO Photolab does not "shrink" the file size while processing the RAW file though. The DXO is so flexible at opening different file format but it is "missing" the capability of recognizing those Commlite adapted F mound Nikon lens. LR somehow still recognize those adapted lens. ( whether it is corrected in a right way is another story).
Raw files that have been converted to DNG tend to be smaller in size compared to the original raws. This is because the lossless compression method Adobe uses is generally more efficient compared to that implemented by most proprietary raw formats. In some instances the file size savings can be really dramatic.
Whenever you open a raw image in Camera Raw/Lightroom the raw data is internally converted to the DNG format regardless of whether the file being read is a DNG file or not. In other words, DNG is the internal format for Camera Raw/Lightroom. If you can open an image normally using Camera Raw or Lightroom there will be no difference if you convert to DNG.
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Both ALAC and FLAC are lossless audio formats and files will usually have more or less the same size when converted from one format to the other.I use ffmpeg -i track.flac track.m4a to convert between these two formats but I notice that the resulting ALAC files are much smaller than the original ones. When using a converter software like the MediaHuman Audio Converter, the size of the ALACs will remain around the same size as the FLACs so I guess I'm missing some flags here that are causing ffmpeg to downsample the signal.
Compressing at level 8 will take a bit longer than with default settings and not reduce the file size much more. But ultimately it's up to you. If you don't mind the conversion taking a bit longer, using level 8 is fine.
Do you mean fre:ac's signal processing options (like sample rate converter or noise reduction)? As long as no signal processing components are selected, it does not make a difference if the main switch is enabled or disabled.
Or you mean the FLAC window functions (only available with custom settings)? That group is also called signal processing. Like the other settings, it does not affect quality. Enabling more window functions will take longer to encode and might reduce the resulting file size slightly. Usually not worth fiddling about with.
Thank you for explaining the signal processing options to me. I just want
to make sure that everything is set up correctly, as I'm quite concerned
with keeping the actual audio data completely untouched when I go ahead
with converting my entire collection of apple lossless albums to flac using
your application.
There is a certain encoding format that specifically tries to address this issue of lossless digital that does not preserve the analogue at the encode or decode stage.
As stated above neither PCM or DSD can win both arguments. Another approach is needed.
I think the bit rates also plays a part here. For example a DSD64 has a bit rate of 2.82Mbps while PCM 16/44.1k has only 1.41Mbps. Obviously, DSD64 carries 2x more information compared to PCM 16/44.1k. Now if one use Roon to upsample PCM 16/44.1k to DSD64, no information is lost, thus the process is lossless. To put in the other way around, DSD64 convert back PCM 16/44.1 will lose information thus the process is lossy.
I agreed bitrate is just one of factor, assuming encoding and decoding scheme are lossless, such as PCM and DSD, one can still achieve virtually lossless (no information is lost) when converting them in pure digital domains(PCMDSD). The only place one will lose minimal information are at A/D and D/A converters; once analog get digitilized and digital get converted to analog.
Delta-sigma (ΔΣ; or sigma-delta, ΣΔ) modulation is a method for encoding analog signals into digital signals as found in an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). It is also used to convert high bit-count, low-frequency digital signals into lower bit-count, higher-frequency digital signals as part of the process to convert digital signals into analog as part of a digital-to-analog converter (DAC). In a conventional ADC, an analog signal is sampled with a sampling frequency and subsequently quantized...
DSD is to PCM like FM is to AM in terms of what is happening. The DSD converter compares the signal to be encoded with a repeating ramp wave form. Each time the signal crosses the sawtooth, the converter emits a narrow pulse. The encoded signal varies in pulse density proportional to the signal amplitude. This is the analogy.
There's no such thing as "lossless" anything in electronics, and there's not a single IC that's designed to do what you want. But here are some different supply ideas. Since you didn't specify current consumption or efficiency, let's look at three different approaches:
R1 essentially drops the difference between the Zener diode and the AC mains potential, so it's not going to be efficient for anything except light loads. Also, your load can't change dramatically, as the resistor has to be sized to provide enough current to the zener to cause it to reverse avalanche, without providing too much current. If your load starts pulling too much current, its voltage will drop. If your load doesn't pull enough current, the zener diode can be damaged.
Most efficient (and most complex) is a AC/DC switching converter. These work on the principle of first converting AC to DC, then switching the DC at very high frequencies to make optimal use of the transformer's characteristics, as well as minimize the size (and loss) of the filter network on the secondary. Power Integrations makes an IC that does all the control/feedback/driving -- all you need is to add a transformer and optoisolators. Here's an example design:
As you can see, AC mains voltage is immediately rectified and filtered to produce high voltage DC. The Power Integrations device switches this voltage rapidly across the transformer's primary side. High-frequency AC is seen on the secondary, and rectified and filtered. You'll notice that the component values are quite small, even considering the current use. This is because high-frequency AC requires much smaller components to filter than line-frequency AC. Most of these devices have special ultra-low-power modes that work quite well.
These converters, in general, provide a great amount of efficiency and can also source high-power loads. These are the sorts of supplies you see in everything from tiny cell phone chargers to laptop and desktop computer power supplies.
(So far, I am going with LDO regulator LR8 based PSU. Best solution for current up to 30mA. Can be connected in parallel to get 100mA for extra price and footprint.)UPDATE: The LR8-based PSU is not relevant, its practical current is 3mA only.I implemented pretty small, simple and stable PSU with LNK305 IC.When R1=2k the output voltage is about 3.3V.C2 better to use few hundreds uF.All input circuit (D3, D4, L2, C4) I replaced with diode bridge.C5=2.2uF is enough - for small size and cost.
If the device functions within a narrow current requirement, this can be reasonably efficient. The chief issue with the design (well, besides not providing mains isolation) is that you cannot use electrolytic caps (which are polarized), and thus must source uF-range film caps rated at the AC RMS voltage (so a 240V circuit would need caps rated at 350V or higher), which are not especially compact. The capacitance values are also dependent upon AC mains frequency (60Hz in the USA, 50Hz in much of the rest of the world), as well as the actual mains voltage (which will be the case with any non-switching design).
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