I think the biggest hurdle will be configuring Apache in such a way that you can be confident it works 100%. I had an initial look at this last year, testing on Ubuntu. See
https://groups.google.com/g/ica-atom-users/c/9Z-K2bBFiDM/m/3kAqTSWhAAAJ. If your only constraint is the version of Debian, Bullseye (11), and you hit issues with Apache, you should be able to swap Apache for Nginx.
I wonder why the elasticsearch installed is 7.17.5 ? If you followed the instructions you should have 5.x installed.
Also note that Bullseye appears to offer PHP 7.4 from its repositories, which is a requirement for the next release of AtoM, 2.7. However, for the current release of AtoM, 2.6, you need PHP 7.2, which will mean adding a PPA e.g. add-apt-repository -y ppa:ondrej/php in order to get the PHP 7.2 dependency packages.
I hope that helps, and good luck!
Thanks, Jim