It is increasingly recognized that non-perennial streams are ubiquitous, and hydrologically and ecologically important across diverse climatic areas. In addition to well-known examples in rainfall-limited regions, polar regions experience seasonal freezing preventing flowing rivers, and even in the tropics high evapotranspirative demand can result in seasonal water deficits. Non-perennial streams are now widely acknowledged to support ecosystems that switch regularly between the aquatic and the terrestrial, with anthropogenic impacts and climatic trends highlighting global shifts in flow regimes and associated detrimental effects on these delicate ecosystems. Because of the dearth of experimental observations, many physical and biological processes in non-perennial streams are still under-studied, leaving unanswered questions about the sources of water feeding streamflow, the definition of transit times, and the links between these streams and their riparian zones, driving nutrient transport and greenhouse gas emissions, and many other critical research themes. This session welcomes experimental and modelling studies related to many aspects of non-perennial stream systems. It is envisioned that contributions will explore hydrological, hydrogeological, ecological, biogeochemical, and geomorphological processes across a variety of social contexts as well as climatic and environmental (natural, rural, and urban) conditions at various spatial (plot, catchment, and global) and temporal scales.