Hello, I would like to venture a reply in the absence of any other
answers.
On a scale of 0 to 10, I would give pronunciation about 7 for
importance. I have two, opposing reasons for saying this. On the one
hand, a Russian native speaker friend told me not to worry too much
about pronunciation. He said that so long as I spoke Russian as it
was written then most Russians would be able to understand. On the
other hand, when I first started out, my attempts at speaking Russian
were met with completely blank looks of puzzlement and incomprehension
by true Russians. One even said to me, "Peter, please stick to
speaking English!" So pronunciation does need to be given some
attention.
The most important thing is to remember which syllable has the stress
because some vowels change their sound completely, depending on
whether they are stressed or non-stressed. Perhaps the most
significant is "о" which sounds like the "augh" in naught when
stressed but changes to "a" or even "u" when not stressed. But the
textbooks explain this much better than I can.
I find it very valuable to have a speaking dictionary on my computer.
That way I can listen to the correct pronunciation when I want to
learn any new word; it is better to learn the correct pronunciation
from the outset and it is much easier to hear a word spoken than to
try to apply a lot of rules of pronunciation. It needs to be a
dictionary with recordings of native speakers, not a synthesized
voice. I like Abby Lingvo from:
http://www.abbyy.com/lingvo/
Another strategy is to ask a Russian friend to read out loud some
Russian text and make a recording. By listening to the recording over
and over again, comparing it with the text, it is possible to see how
the written word is vocalised. I was very surprised when I first did
this to hear how much stress my friend gave to the stressed syllables,
while the unstressed syllables were gobbled up and almost inaudible to
my unaccustomed ear.
We must accept that as non-native speakers we will never have as good
a pronunciation as native Russians. But then there must be many
dialects among true Russians as well. I'm told that there are
distinct differences between the Moscow and St Petersburg
pronunciations. And our well-meaning Russian language teachers don't
speak the same Russian as the person on the Moscow Metro; they speak
more slowly and put greater emphasis on the word endings that they are
trying to teach us.
Peter (aka rambles2003)