In a J2E translation job, I encountered はんだ付け基板 and I translated it as “substrate to be soldered.”
The document is a patent application specification dealing with an invention related to the soldering process.
What is はんだ付け基板? (The document does not provide any specific definition for it.)
If all substrates need some soldering, why anyone wish to call them はんだ付け基板 other than to mean “a substrate that id currently being soldered”?
Are there any industry-coined name for はんだ付け基板 in English?
Can you suggest a more succinct name for it? For example, “soldered substrate” or “soldering substrate”?
Minoru Mochizuki
Richard VanHouten
would prefer "circuit board" to "substrate", which
sounds like a chip die or something. "Circuit board being soldered" or
something like that.
*****
Thanks for your opinion.
I would like to stick to "substrate" as it is not a "circuit board" yet
while it is still in the production stage, in particular, in the soldering
process. As to the idea of calling it "XXXX being soldered" is what I have
selected so that I accept your opinion as something that is supportive of my
idea.
Minoru
宮原さん
ご回答を感謝しますが、お書きになったことはすべて常識として承知しております。
Minoru Mochizuki
私は、回路や部品が装着される前の基板素材(ガラス、セラミック等)には
substrateを当て、
回路や部品が装着された後の基板にはcircuit boardを当てるようにしています。
回路基板(PCB等)を作成する工程で、substrateから始まって完成品が
circuit boardとなる感じです。
M. Sakurauchi
宮原さん
ご回答を感謝しますが、お書きになったことはすべて常識として承知しております。
Minoru Mochizuki
There is nothing for you to apologize about, Mikako. I'm sure that there are a
lot of people who, like myself, read your comments and found them instructive.
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Steven P. Venti
Mail: spv...@bhk-limited.com
Rockport Sunday
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bCPpd20CgXE
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私も同感です。ご意見を感謝します。
ただし、問題はその物体を申請者が「はんだ付け基板」とわざわざ「はんだ付け」と
いう文言を付加して呼んでいることで、「はんだ付けをすべき」ということ以外に、
何か意味があるのか、特殊な基盤を指しているのか、ということが私の疑問なので
す。たとえば、まったくはんだ付けを必要としない実装基板が存在していて、それに
対比してそう呼んでいるのか、それとも、問題の自動はんだ付け装置ではんだ付け処
理される基板を一般的にそう呼んでいるのか、といった疑問です。
Minoru Mochizuki
前後の文脈を見てみないと分かりませんが(あるいは資料全体?)、常識的には、「はんだ付け用基板」という意味ではないでしょうか?
工程的に、はんだ付け工程より前の工程でそのように呼んでいるのでは?
最も、特に特許関連では、無意味な修飾語はよく無意味に付けられているようですが。
M. Sakurauchi
モノについての質問ではなく、言語に関する疑問ですね。
翻訳の核心に迫る話題なのかもしれません。
原文のdiscourse-level topic が「はんだ付けの工程」であると想定したとき、
日本語の「はんだ付け基板」という表現は、仰るとおり
Substrate "to be" soldered
"Soldered" substrate
Substrate "being" solderedなど、様々な状態を示すことが可能でしょう。
さらにはんだ付けを必要としない実装基板との対比の目的で「はんだ付け」と
修飾している場合も確かに考えられます。
そのどれと解釈し訳すべきなのかは桜内さんがお書きのように
文脈次第なのであって、「とにかく一つ選んでそれに統一する」ことは
もともと不可能なはずです。これは核心というよりも単なる基本なのかもしれませんが。
あえて選ぶなら「はんだ付け」の箇所の訳は "the" になるのではないでしょうか。
Mika Jarmusz
Without further context, I would read はんだ付け基板 as "はんだ付け処理
された基板" and translate it as "soldered substrate", on the vague
assumption that "被はんだ付け基板" would be more likely to be used in
the sense of "substrate to be soldered".
Herman Kahn
やはり文脈を見ないとはっきりとは言えませんが、私の経験では、はんだ付け
後の基板は「はんだ付け基板 」ではなく、その他の表現になることが多いと
思います。
例:
はんだ塗布済み基板、(部品)実装済み基板(はんだで部品がはんだ付けされ
た場合)、など。
「はんだ付け基板 」の意味の確率(私見):
「はんだ付け用基板」/「はんだ付けするための基板」:70%
「はんだ付け処理された基板」:30%
異論はありそうですが。
M. Sakurauchi
確率までは分かりませんが、私の考え方としては、基板は「はんだ付けするため
の」手段ではく、むしろ、はんだ付けされる・はんだ付け処理を受けるものです
ので、はんだ付け基板という複合語の場合も、そういう意味的関係が存在するの
ではないかいと思います。もしそうであるとしたら、こういった[処理A][処理
される物B]というパターンの複合語は、一般的には、A済みBというような意
味になると思いますから(亜鉛引き鋼、焼入れガラス、味付けのり、釘付け為
替、云々)、この「はんだ付け用基板」の場合もそうではないか、と思いました。
Herman Kahn
< 1st conclusion >
As explained in Wikipedia,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printed_circuit_board
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substrate#Electronics
"substrate" is used to refer only to the base material
(e.g. FR-2 in older and cheaper equipment, FR-4 in
most modern equipment), and (quoting Wikipedia)
"The board (PCB) with copper on it is called copper-
clad laminate".
< 2nd conclusion >
"Bare" printed circuit boards (PCBs) are always "tinned"
(coated in solder), as explained below, so the Japanese is
probably just stating the obvious. There are no bare copper
areas, the whole copper surface is "tinned". [A board with
components installed is called a "loaded" PCB.]
< Explanation >
During manufacturing, the copper of all such boards is masked in
"resist" (to
protect the parts that should not be etched), etched, then immediately
dried and
"tinned" (coated in solder). The reason for "tinning" is that
otherwise (if it were
not tinned) the thin copper foil would oxidize in air and would need
to be cleaned
to remove the oxide before soldering. Cleaning it could damage or
detach the foil.
Oxidation can actually corrode the copper circuitry over time -- the
"tinning"
protects the copper wiring from such oxidation and corrosion. Most
copper
wire is sold "tinned" for the same reason.
Keith Wilkinson
>> If all substrates need some soldering, why anyone wish to call them はんだ付 > け基板 other than to mean “a substrate that id currently being
>> soldered”?
> Assuming that the Japanese is referring to a printed circuit board
> (rather
> than a semiconductor chip):
>
> < 1st conclusion >
> As explained in Wikipedia,
> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printed_circuit_board
> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substrate#Electronics
> "substrate" is used to refer only to the base material
> (e.g. FR-2 in older and cheaper equipment, FR-4 in
> most modern equipment), and (quoting Wikipedia)
> "The board (PCB) with copper on it is called copper-
> clad laminate".
Exactly. You can stop there. The correct terms in English are PCB, PWB,
circuit board, or just board. Substrate ain't one of them.
That's assuming that the patent's about attaching components to a board
_that already has a pattern printed on it_.
If the patent's about producing printed circuit boards from substrate
materials and copper and whathaveyou, then substrate might be OK. But even
there, by the time you are applying solder to a board (even for tinnning the
copper foil), there's already a pattern printed on the board, and it's a
PCB.
David J. Littleboy
Tokyo, Japan
A Wikipedia article provides a definition for "substrate":
An entire printed circuit board (PCB), or more specifically, the
electrically insulating portion of a PCB structure, such as fiberglass bound
together with epoxy cement
IEEE defines "substrate" as follows:
The supporting material upon or within which an integrated circuit is
fabricated or to which an integrated circuit is attached.
According to IEEE, it is indeed only a supporting material but one notice
that it does not define if the thing is in any particular stage of
fabrication or manufacturing process including components placing or
soldering.
In any event, I am not interested in the issue of whether the thing should
be called a substrate or PCB. I was only interested in the expression はんだ
付け基板. I have lost interest in any further discussion on this matter.
Minoru Mochizuki
> >もしそうであるとしたら、こういった[処理A][処理される物B]というパター
> ンの複合語は、
> >一般的には、A済みBというような意味になると思いますから
> >(亜鉛引き鋼、焼入れガラス、味付けのり、釘付け為替、云々)、
> >この「はんだ付け用基板」の場合もそうではないか、と思いました。
> That (directly above) is a misconception.
> Since Herman has been showing us, on this forum, a fantastic batting
> average that pleases me well, allow me remind us all the following:
>
> 申請者 申請「済みの者」のみをさすとは限らない。これから申請しようとする
> 者をさす場合も多々ある。
> 利用者 利用「中の者」のみをさすとは限らない。これから利用するであろうと
> 想定される者をさす場合も多々ある。
> 解体車 解体「済み」の部品をさすとは限らない。解体「前」の車をさす場合も
> 多々ある。
Perhaps my statement was inaccurately worded. I did not mean to suggest
that はんだ付け基板 is limited to the meaning はんだ付け済み基板, only
that it includes such a meaning as one likely possibility in the given
context. In any event, "soldered" is not entirely equal to はんだ付け済
み, since "soldered" can be both the past tense and the passive aspect
of solder, and in the latter sense, the term "soldered substrate" can
broadly be used to indicate a substrate which has been/is being/will be
soldered, and would be mostly aptly translated into Japanese as "はんだ
付け基板", so conversely, I suggested it as a possible translation for
that Japanese term, given the somewhat unclear context of the latter.
However, I think such usage should generally be deprecated, due to the
ambiguity it introduces.
Herman Kahn
We humans are all born with blind spots,
so it's good to have a place like Honyaku
where we all can get friendly help from other
people. It's also great to have resources like
Wikipedia that have been build with the same
spirit of goodwill and sharing.
George Bernard Shaw is reputed to have said,
"If you have an apple and I have an apple and
we exchange these apples then you and I will
still each have one apple. But if you have an
idea and I have an idea and we exchange these
ideas, then each of us will have two ideas.
Keith Wilkinson
I'm with you, Mika. Just figure out how you want to express 基
板, and you're home free. The rest is excess verbiage.
Laurie Berman
Yes, but no. The thing that is being missed (by a lot of people here)
is that this is a patent specification, so almost by definition it is
almost entirely "excess verbiage". Of course "substrate" is not the
word you would use in normal English for a printed circuit board, but
the purpose of a patent specification is not to communicate anything,
least or all in normal English; the point is to have ammunition with
which to extort large amounts of money out of less-prepared
competitors. The wider your terminology is deemed to be, the better
(for the purposes of extortion).
You might get a taste of what this is all about by googling for
"thermonuclear patent war" (for example).
Brian Chandler
Yes, but no. The thing that is being missed (by a lot of people here)
is that this is a patent specification,
so almost by definition it is
almost entirely "excess verbiage".
> the point is to have ammunition with
> which to extort large amounts of money out of less-prepared
> competitors. The wider your terminology is deemed to be, the better
> (for the purposes of extortion).
Is that how patent translators are evaluated?
Even if it is, I'm not sure how repeating "to be soldered" at each
mention aids the cause of extortion.
Laurie Berman