St. Mary's Monastery
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Br. Jerome Leo’s Daily Reflection on the Holy Rule
March 18, July 18, November 17
Chapter 39: On the Measure of Food
We think it sufficient for the daily dinner, whether at the sixth or the ninth
hour, that every table have two cooked dishes on account of individual
infirmities, so that he who for some reason cannot eat of the one may make his
meal of the other. Therefore let two cooked dishes suffice for all the
brethren; and if any fruit or fresh vegetables are available, let a third dish
be added.
Let a good pound weight of bread suffice for the day, whether there be only one
meal or both dinner and supper. If they are to have supper, the cellarer shall
reserve a third of that pound, to be given them at supper.
But if it happens that the work was heavier, it shall lie within the Abbot's
discretion and power, should it be expedient, to add something to the fare. Above
all things, however, over-indulgence must be avoided and a monk must never be
overtaken by indigestion; for there is nothing so opposed to the Christian
character as over-indulgence according to Our Lord's words, "See to it
that your hearts be not burdened with over-indulgence" (Luke 21:34).
Young boys shall not receive the same amount of food as their elders, but less;
and frugality shall be observed in all circumstances.
Except the sick who are very weak, let all abstain entirely from eating the
flesh of four-footed animals.
REFLECTION
The Benedictine golden mean is that of the Lord Himself: we avoid
over-indulgence because it burdens our hearts. This is true of any
over-indulgence: food, drink, property. Our hearts are truly burdened by our
excess, weighed down, kept from flight. Our hearts lag and fall with the awful
results of having ourselves in charge of them!
For those in the developed countries, this chapter on food can be a very good
starting point of surrender. The Western nations in general and the U.S. in
particular are spoiled rotten with food. Our notoriously poor diet choices are
to blame for many health risks. Might not food be one of the healthiest and
most logical places for ascetic striving to begin?
The questions of diet raised here were looked at in purely monastic terms, as
self-denial and penitential living. No one knew about cholesterol or fiber or
many of the illnesses associated today with eating habits, it wasn't in their
vocabulary.
Today we know that the eating habits encouraged here are worth a lot more than
simple asceticism, they are healthy. Given that, something a lot more binding
than the Holy Rule bids us look more closely: the 5th commandment,
which insists that we not kill ourselves, either, that we guard our health.
Granted, the times of meals stated here do not fit very well into a 40 hour
week of work and school. Not to worry. Our call here is to adapt. The content
of monastic meals can be a big boon to health. Less meat, more beans, less
beef, more chicken, buy decent bread and eat more of it. Or make your own!
(Remember that bread machine that hardly got used after Christmas?) These are
things one can gradually introduce to a family, too, provided one is a good
cook. An extra meatless day or two a week is hardly noticed if you serve really
good fare. Try dishes from the peasant cuisines of the world that stretch a
very little meat a very long way.
This Benedictine-inspired diet will not only be better for you and your family,
it will benefit the planet, too. Grain-fed beef makes a horrible dent in the
ecology and economy of the world, to say nothing of throwing effort and
harvests into cattle that could feed starving human beings.
Remember that earlier injunction about treating the goods of the monastery as
sacred vessels of the altar? Well, the greatest goods any monastery or family
has are its members and the planet that supports them. To own that fact is the
beginning of a Benedictine ecology. Our diets are excellent places to make
choices healthy for us and all the planet. We need to find the balance - and
that is often hard. But, with God's help and mercy, we can do all!
PS: I know that some, for health reasons, must eat a lot of meat and protein. I
didn’t mean to include them in pleas for eating less meat!
Br. Jerome Leo Hughes, OSB (RIP)