Comparisons have also been necessary as it has been repeatedly pronounced and implied by Mother Teresa and her friends that she alone looks after the physical and spiritual needs of her eponymous city.
The statistics, comparisons and data in this chapter pertains to the period before Teresa's death. (Sabera Foundation, a post-1997 and significant charity has been included.) The overall picture has not changed since September 1997, and the difference between the work of Missionaries of Charity and that of the other charities has widened. Some qualitative improvements however have been made in the order's practices, such as letting orphans play with toys. During disasters the order has been habitually inactive. Two major disasters have happened in India post-1997 - cyclone in Orissa in October 1999 (8,000 dead) and earthquake in Gujarat in January 2001 (20,000 dead). In the former crisis, Teresa nuns did operate a small soup-kitchen near Paradip but they were nowhere to be seen in Gujarat after one of the worst natural disasters in the history of the world.
The majority of Calcutta's charities are non-religious, and I have specified the notable exceptions that are not.
Calcutta's largest charity is the Ramakrishna Mission. With its headquarters in Calcutta, it is also the largest charity in India. It was founded in 1897 by a very remarkable man, Swami Vivekananda, a product of the high noon of Bengal renaissance. It is a Hindu charity and its monks and 'nuns' take the vow of celibacy.
Vivekananda (1862-1902), the follower of Ramakrishna the religious mystic, is one of the icons of India. An island off the southern tip of India has been dedicated to him, where a monument has been built in his honour.
The son of a prosperous Calcutta lawyer, Vivekananda found the narrowness and hierarchy of Hinduism repugnant, which led him to found his own movement. He freely admitted that he had been impressed by the zeal of the 19th century Christian missionaries in India and borrowed from them many aspects of his movement, such as organisational structuring, communal worship etc. In his version of Hinduism, apathy shown towards the underdog from the karmic viewpoint does not have a place.
Gandhi was a lifelong admirer of Vivekananda and the French philosopher, musicologist, author, pacifist (and Nobel laureate) Romain Rolland said of him:'Vivekananda's words are great music, phrases in the style of Beethoven, stirring rhythms like the march of Handel choruses. I cannot touch these sayings...without receiving a thrill through my body like an electric shock.'
The charitable functions of Mother Teresa's organisation and those of the Ramakrishna Mission in India are difficult to compare (because of the gulf of difference between the two) but I have attempted it here, taking a random year 1993-94:
| Natural Calamity - |
Whether Organisation Provided Aid : | |
| Ramakrishna Mission | Missionaries of Charity | |
| Drought in Bihar | yes | no |
| Drought in Gujarat | yes | no |
| Floods in Assam (Karimganj) | yes | no |
| West Bengal (much of it around Calcutta) Contai | yes | no |
| Jalpaiguri | yes | no |
| Garbeta | yes | no |
| Tamilnadu | yes | no |
| Pondicherry | yes | no |
| Gujarat | yes | no |
| Fires in Andhra Pradesh (near Vishakhapatnam) | yes | no |
| Assam (near Karimganj) | yes | no |
| West Bengal (Malda and Barasat) | yes | no |
| Tornado in West Bengal (Sargachi, near Calcutta) | yes | no |
| Cyclone in Tamilnadu | yes | no |
| Pondicherry | yes | no |
| Earthquake in Latur | yes (a massive operation) | no |
During the same year 1993-94, the Ramakrishna Mission undertook the following house building programmes for the needy:
1. In earthquake devastated Latur, 161 earthquake resistant houses were built and another 320 were in the process of construction.
2. In West Bengal the following houses were built: 55 houses in Purulia district, 100 houses in Jalpaiguri district, 143 houses in Jalpaiguri district, 108 houses in Sagar island, under the 'build your own house' scheme.
3. In Tamilnadu (Kanyakumari district) 71 houses were built The Missionaries of Charity do not have a house building programme for the poor - it is not one of their functions. In the early 1990s, they however did build 48 houses for the poor in a suburb of Calcutta called Hatgachia on disused government land. They did not pay for the land, which caused a prolonged wrangle with the municipality. In the end it relented and let them have the land for free. All very good (although I feel a token contribution to the cash strapped civic body would have been a nice gesture, especially as Mother Teresa's order can afford to run numerous nunneries in Scandinavia) but it turned out that 43 (93%) of the 48 families that moved in to the houses were Catholic - a remarkable coincidence in a city where the Catholic population is less than 1.5%.
The following is a table comparing the ongoing activities of the Ramakrishna Mission and the Missionaries of Charity (in Calcutta only):
| Function : |
Whether Organisation Provided that Function : | |
| Ramakrishna Mission | Missionaries of Charity | |
| Hospice | no | yes (one) |
| Orphanage | yes | yes (two, including one in Howrah) |
| Home for Destitute Mentally Ill | no | yes |
| Home for Convicted Mentally Ill Destitute | no | yes (two) |
| Leprosarium | no | yes (large) |
| Hospital | yes (large modern) | no not free for everybody |
| School of Nursing | yes | no |
| Community Health Service | yes | no |
| Modern charitable dispensary (having xray and investigations facilities) | yes (treats 500000 yearly) | no |
| Basic Charitable Dispensary | yes (treats 100,000 yearly) | yes (treats 10,000 yearly) |
| Specialised School for the Handicapped | yes | no |
| Formal schools | three (not free for everyone) | no |
| Village Adoption Schemes | yes | no |
| Slum Redevelopment Schemes | yes | no |
| Adult Education | yes | no |
| Libraries | yes (ten) | no |
| Higher Educational and Cultural Activities (such as foreign language tuition) | Yes (not free) | no |
| Ecological Projects (Part Funded by the Ford Foundation) | Yes | no |
| Total annual income (from Calcutta and other sources) | c. Rs 750 million | undisclosed |