Decoherence: Why Einstein's Relativity May Limit The Quantum World?

[DK Matai]

Essentially, a quantum tiny particle, unlike a large object, can exist in a superposition of different states.  However, relativity’s time dilation may limit the quantum world. Theoretical calculations suggest time dilation may cause systems to decohere.

“Coherence is fragile. Any interactions with the particle’s environment can make the particle decohere. When it does, all those simultaneous states collapse to a single state, and things start behaving in a more intuitive, classical manner. The more a particle interacts with its environment, the further it decoheres and the fewer states it occupies.”

“That may be why we observe larger objects acting like they have just one location. Large objects are more complex and interact with their environments in a myriad of ways, so they’re always acting classically. The larger the system, in other words, the less likely it is that it would ever occupy a superposition of states. But it’s not clear exactly where the cutoff line is. Researchers have been able to observe larger and larger objects (including microscopic ones) exhibiting quantum behavior, but they’ve no hope of ever observing this in large objects like soccer balls, much less in humans. So what’s the biggest thing that can be observed to exist in a superposition? And why?”

“To answer this question, the researchers examined decoherence in the presence of gravitational time dilation, which is a consequence of [Einstein’s] general relativity. Time dilation is a well established, if perhaps counterintuitive, phenomenon. Basically, the closer a clock is to a gravitational field (like the Earth), the less time it will measure compared to a clock further away.”

“Researchers [publishing in Nature Physics] reasoned that time dilation might have a significant effect on a quantum system that changes with time. The researchers calculated the effect of time dilation on a quantum system that’s composed of multiple particles, like a molecule. The individual particles comprising these systems are vibrating constantly. But vibration occurs over time, so if there’s a difference in the rate time passes in the system, the researchers reasoned, it would cause the particles’ frequencies to get out of sync with each other.”

“The vibrating particles’ frequencies are entangled with the center of mass, so the center of mass decoheres when they get out of sync.”

Results

“The authors found that time dilation does cause decoherence in the system, at least to a degree. Under Earth’s gravity, according to their calculations, the system’s center of mass does decohere and essentially acts like a classical object. But it’s worth noting that the system as a whole does not. The individual particles moving around that center of mass can still exist in superpositions.”

Read further by clicking on Ars Technica

here

and Nature Physics

here

[ENDS]

Source:  

Quantum Innovation Labs

Socratic Dialogue:

Quantum Club

[Heather Odom]

Dear DK,

Maybe this is why. Really  his formula was LOVE=mc2 

http://yournewswire.com/message-of-hope-for-a-lost-world-from-albert-einstein/

Heather 

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