What I saw in Sichuan Mian Yang Zhao Zuozhou
赵作周
I just came back from Mianyang yesterday. I went to Mianyang on May 17. As one member of the rescue groups from Tsinghua University, I stayed their for 9 days. Our main job is safety check of buildings, such as, the public buildings, school buildings, local governmend buildings, residential buildings, sport centers and so on. I went to An Xian, Jiang You, Zi Tong and Ping Wu to help local government to check the safety of the buildings. Based on our check results, we stick different marks, such as, "Usable", "Usable after strengening", "Danger,No enter" and "Unusable", to each checked building.
In diferent areas, the earthquake damage is different. I feel the earthquake damage is serious in Mianyang, especially in its local counts. We checked more than 190 buildings and found all those designed and constructioned following the Seismic Design Code, its damage is relatively light, especially its structure element.
Most brickworks(brick wall with precast RC slabs,wood roof, with or without RC ring beams and constructing columns) were damaged seriously. Most 3-story brickworks(without RC ring beams and constructing columns, its wall thickness is 120 mm or 180mm) collapsed. However, among the buildings we checked, there are 2~3 buildings we can not find cracks, as it there were no earthquake occured.
Most RC frame buildings and RC frame with shear walls or tubes behaved well. Most structral members in this kind of buildings do not crack, but infilled brickworks cracked.
Most staircases in RC frame buildings and brickworks were damaged. For precasted staircases, its supports moved and cracked. For cast in place one, its slab cracked at middle span.
I will process what I see later and share with you the typical pictures.
Best regards,
Zhao Zuozhou
Department of Civil Engineering
Tsinghua University
Beijing 100084
Tel: 010-62788620(O) 010-82367838(H) 13661303543(M)
Fax:010-62788620
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Ngai YEUNG <nye...@graduate.hku.hk>
> Date: Tue, 27 May 2008 10:47:59 +0800
> To: HK...@googlegroups.com
> Subject: Re: A glimpse of the Epicentre - From the Air
>
> check this out - proof of your thought.
> http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_46e7ba41010091pk.html
>
>
> Quoting XIONG Zhaohui <david...@yahoo.com>:
>
>
> Although most of the buildings are collapse. I still believe the
> concept of 'No collapse under serious earthquake' is practical since
> there are still many buildings stand there.
>
>
> ----- Original Message ----
> From: Ngai YEUNG <nye...@graduate.hku.hk>
> To: HK...@googlegroups.com
> Sent: Tuesday, May 27, 2008 9:46:40 AM
> Subject: Fw: A glimpse of the Epicentre - From the Air
>
>
> Lend your helping hands...
>
> View these multiple aerial� pictures of the Earth Quake
> Epicentre
> in
> China :-
>
> -� Turn on the speakers for the 'soft music'.
> -� Click on the link below, and click on the individual
> pictures.
> -� Move your mouse (cursor) as if you are the pilot of a
> helicopter
> (bird's eye view).
> -� I cannot tell you to enjoy the slide show, but I must ask
> you
> to
> pray for the victims.
>
> � � http://umedia.nddaily.com/#20080515-8
>
> Up to yesterday, 40,000 deaths and the Chinese Government is
> expecting
> the death toll will rise to 70,000 or more.
>
> This is also an living example of:� 'geological analysis
> needed
> before
> any town-site is chosen'.
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> --------------------------------------------
> 峘戝摨妛夛-Alumni of HKU.
>
> To post to this group, send email to HK...@googlegroups.com
> To unsubscribe from this group, send email to HKUAL-un...@googlegroups.com
> For more options, visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/HKUAL
> --------------------------------------------
>
>
Ngai YEUNG
It is so good of you, your colleagues and your U to take the solid
rescue action. Thanks a lot for sharing with us such valuable
findings and experience. Wait to see the typical pictures. About
the collapsed school buildings, should any one of them be classified
as the so-called jerry-built buildings?
Take care,
Ngai
Quoting 梊釬笚 <zzz...@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn>:
> 霭悩舆涩-Alumni of HKU.
Herbert Zheng
I respect you without any questions.
Herbert
jimmy...@hwpg.com
Thanks for sharing. I known some prinpical and chief enginners of local design institutes in Chengdu and have inqueried with them on the situation of the sismic damage. As per their intrduction, most of RC structural type buildings designed by the big LDIs can sustain well during the earthquake just like inspected by prof. Zhao. As an example, Beichuan middle school collaped during the earthquake while Beichuan primary school, designed by a big LDI in Chengdu, stands well.
I think that the seismic design code in China is quite well developed. The design concept of "小震不坏,中震(设防烈度)可修,大震不倒" is very good. It really depends on how much percentage of the buildings structural design fulfilling the code requirements.
Best
Zhang Nianquan
The message represents the personal views and opinion of the individual sender and under no circumstances represents those of the Hutchison Whampoa Properties Limited or its Group Companies. The shareholders, directors and management of any of the Hutchison Whampoa Properties Limited and any of its Group Companies accept no responsibility and accordingly shall have no liability to any party whatsoever with respect to the contents of this message.
This message (including any attachments) is intended only for the use of the addressee(s) named above. It may contain information that is PRIVILEGED and CONFIDENTIAL and should not be read, copied or otherwise used by any other person.
If you are not the intended recipient, you are hereby notified that any use, retention, disclosure, copying, printing, forwarding or dissemination of this communication is strictly prohibited. If you have received this communication in error, please erase all copies of the message and its attachments and notify the sender.
-----Original Message-----
From: HK...@googlegroups.com [mailto:HK...@googlegroups.com] On Behalf Of Ngai YEUNG
Sent: Tuesday, May 27, 2008 1:40 PM
To: HK...@googlegroups.com
Subject: Re: What I saw in Sichuan Mian Yang Zhao Zuozhou
Prof. Zhao,
It is so good of you, your colleagues and your U to take the solid
rescue action. Thanks a lot for sharing with us such valuable
findings and experience. Wait to see the typical pictures. About
the collapsed school buildings, should any one of them be classified
as the so-called jerry-built buildings?
Take care,
Ngai
Quoting 梊釬笚 <zzz...@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn>:
> 霭悩舆涩-Alumni of HKU.
XIONG Zhaohui
I also watched TV in Wester Rail last evening, conclusions get by GuoXun from IEM is that all the collapsed buildings especially school buildings are not satisfied with seismic design code. I talked to my parents these days, they have the same conclusions as you said. Although we have did many many researches, and have strict requirements on code. The front designer, contractor and inspector even have no common sense of seismic design. Dr. Guo said most of the designer don't understand the code requirements. Is it the truth?
Arup has organized two internal meetings, many director level leaders pay close attention to it. The basic purposes are 'what can we learn from the earthquake' and 'what can we help for it'. One of Arup's plan is provide education program on seismic design to local design and construction engineer. But as you know it is impossible for a foreign private company provide such assistant to mainland. ZZZ, I wonder whether Qinghua has such training program? Arup could provide assistant by the name of BJ office if it is not so sensitive or join Qinghua team. If you think it is practical, please contact with me.
Meanwhile, Sowers Action (Education development Program In China) has collected more than 30M HK$, they plan to rebuild the damaged schools in Wen Xian, Gansu province, the second serious damaged region. They require engineer volunteers on both HK and Gansu and plan to establish an office at Wenxian to supervise rebuild work in following 2 to 5 years. Anyone of you have such interest (no matter short term or long term), you may register on http://www.sowers.org.hk/ or contact me directly. ZZZ I know you are from Gansu, I am not sure your exact hometown, but if you know someone at Wenxian or in that region who has such interest to help Sowers Action, please let me know. Thanks.
BTW, who know where is Wang Haitao? His mobile is out of service, I can't contact with him. I have another urgent thing need his help. Thanks.
Regards,
Xiao XIONG
Regards,
David
Best
Zhang Nianquan
Prof. Zhao,
Take care,
Ngai
Quoting 梊釬笚 <zzz...@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn>:
Hello, everyone,
Best regards,
Zhao Zuozhou
> View these multiple aerial� pictures of the Earth Quake
> Epicentre
> in
> China :-
>
> -� Turn on the speakers for the 'soft music'.
> -� Click on the link below, and click on the individual
> pictures.
> -� Move your mouse (cursor) as if you are the pilot of a
> helicopter
> (bird's eye view).
> -� I cannot tell you to enjoy the slide show, but I must
ask
> you
> to
> pray for the victims.
>
> � � http://umedia.nddaily.com/#20080515-8
>
> Up to yesterday, 40,000 deaths and the Chinese Government is
> expecting
> the death toll will rise to 70,000 or more.
>
> This is also an living example of:� 'geological analysis
> needed
> before
> any town-site is chosen'.
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> --------------------------------------------
> 霭��悩舆涩-Alumni of HKU.
赵作周
Two members of our group visited the Hui Yuan School which has collapsed and led to a lot of students died in this earthquake. They checked the structure of the collapsed building and found that the school consisted of three parts, central part is a brickwork building with precast slabs(each class room has three spans, 3x3m=9m, about 6m in depth, generally has 2 RC beams supported on longitudinal walls), two ends are RC frame staircases. The central part has not RC ring beams and constructing columns. Precast slabs are set on the wall or RC beams birectly and without any structural treatment. So under earthquake, RC slabs fall down and lead to central part structural collapsed.
I checked other three middle schools, totally about 10 building. RC frame building worked well but brickwork ones are damaged seriously.
About collapsed school buildings, we didnot check its structural system one by one, so It is difficult to call it jerry-built buildings. Most collapse buildings in Xiu Shui Town, An Xian, we found these building are made of 120mm or 180 mm brick walls, so a lot of them collapsed during this week. The two hotels we leaved in are new buildings, they suffered light damage, mainly decorations.
I think some of the buildings are jerry-built buildings. Now a lot of experts and structural engineers started to work in Sichuan to check the damage and the reason of the damage. I believe some results will be reported soon.
Regards,
Zhao Zuozhou
> > View these multiple aerial� pictures of the Earth Quake
> > Epicentre
> > in
> > China :-
> >
> > -� Turn on the speakers for the 'soft music'.
> > -� Click on the link below, and click on the individual
> > pictures.
> > -� Move your mouse (cursor) as if you are the pilot of a
> > helicopter
> > (bird's eye view).
> > -� I cannot tell you to enjoy the slide show, but I must
> ask
> > you
> > to
> > pray for the victims.
> >
> > � � http://umedia.nddaily.com/#20080515-8
> >
> > Up to yesterday, 40,000 deaths and the Chinese Government is
> > expecting
> > the death toll will rise to 70,000 or more.
> >
> > This is also an living example of:� 'geological analysis
赵作周
赵作周
赵作周
I came from Tiansui, Guansu Province. Wen xian is a count close to Jiu ZaiGou, boundary between Guansu and Sichuan. should I contact local government about the plan of the Sowers Action? I donot know the requirement of the engineer volunteers. I wish I can do something for there.
About the seismic design education to local design and construction engineer, I will ask our department and faculty leader tonight.
Thank you for your messenger and help.
Regards,
Zhao Zuozhou
> -----Original Message-----
> From: XIONG Zhaohui <david...@yahoo.com>
> Date: Tue, 27 May 2008 01:25:20 -0700 (PDT)
> To: HK...@googlegroups.com
> Subject: Re: What I saw in Sichuan Mian Yang Zhao Zuozhou
>
> Dear All,
> □
> I also watched TV in Wester Rail last evening, conclusions get by GuoXun from IEM is that all the collapsed buildings especially school buildings are not satisfied with seismic design code. I talked to my parents these days, they have the same conclusions as you said. Although we have did many many researches, and have□ strict requirements on□code. The front designer,□contractor□and inspector even have no□common sense of seismic design. Dr. Guo said most of the designer don't understand the code requirements. Is it the truth?
> □
> Arup has organized two internal□meetings, many director level leaders pay close attention to it.□The basic purposes are 'what can we learn from the earthquake' and 'what can we help for it'. One of Arup's plan is provide education program□on seismic design to local design and construction engineer. But as you know it is impossible for a foreign private company provide such assistant to mainland. ZZZ, I wonder whether Qinghua has such training program?□Arup could provide assistant by the name of□BJ office if it is not so sensitive or join Qinghua team. If you think it is practical, please contact with me.
> □
> Meanwhile, Sowers Action (Education development Program In China) has collected more than 30M HK$, they plan to rebuild the damaged□schools in Wen Xian, Gansu province, the second serious damaged region. They require engineer volunteers□on both HK and Gansu□and plan to establish an office at Wenxian to supervise rebuild work in following 2 to 5 years. Anyone of you have such interest (no matter short term or long term), you may register on http://www.sowers.org.hk/□or contact me□directly.□ZZZ I know you are from Gansu, I am not sure your exact hometown, but if you know someone at Wenxian or in that region who has such interest to help Sowers Action, please let me know. Thanks.
> □
> BTW, who know where is Wang Haitao? His mobile is out of service, I can't contact with him. I have another urgent□thing need his help. Thanks.
> □
> Regards,
> □
> Xiao XIONG
> □
> Regards,
> □
> David
>
>
> ----- Original Message ----
> From: "jimmy...@hwpg.com" <jimmy...@hwpg.com>
> To: HK...@googlegroups.com
> Sent: Tuesday, May 27, 2008 2:30:10 PM
> Subject: RE: What I saw in Sichuan Mian Yang Zhao Zuozhou
>
>
> Hi Ngai & prof. Zhao,
>
> Thanks for sharing. I known some prinpical and chief enginners of local design institutes in Chengdu and have inqueried with them on the situation of the sismic damage.□ As per their intrduction, most of RC structural type buildings designed by the big LDIs can sustain well during the earthquake just like inspected by prof. Zhao. As an example, Beichuan middle school collaped during the earthquake while Beichuan primary school, designed by a big LDI in Chengdu, stands well.
>
> I think that the seismic design code in China is quite well developed. The design concept of "小震不坏,中震(设防烈度)可修,大震不倒" is very good. It really depends on how much percentage of the buildings structural design fulfilling the code requirements.
>
> Best
> Zhang Nianquan
>
> The message represents the personal views and opinion of the individual sender and under no circumstances represents those of the Hutchison Whampoa Properties Limited or its Group Companies. The shareholders, directors and management of any of the Hutchison Whampoa Properties Limited and any of its Group Companies accept no responsibility and accordingly shall have no liability to any party whatsoever with respect to the contents of this message.
>
> This message (including any attachments) is intended only for the use of the addressee(s) named above. It may contain information that is PRIVILEGED and CONFIDENTIAL and should not be read, copied or otherwise used by any other person.
>
> If you are not the intended recipient, you are hereby notified that any use, retention, disclosure, copying, printing, forwarding or dissemination of this communication is strictly prohibited. If you have received this communication in error, please erase all copies of the message and its attachments and notify the sender.
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: HK...@googlegroups.com [mailto:HK...@googlegroups.com] On Behalf Of Ngai YEUNG
> >□ View these multiple aerial□ pictures of the Earth Quake
> > Epicentre
> >□ in
> >□ China :-
> >□
> >□ -□ Turn on the speakers for the 'soft music'.
> >□ -□ Click on the link below, and click on the individual
> > pictures.
> >□ -□ Move your mouse (cursor) as if you are the pilot of a
> >□ helicopter
> >□ (bird's eye view).
> >□ -□ I cannot tell you to enjoy the slide show, but I must
> ask
> > you
> >□ to
> >□ pray for the victims.
> >□
> >□ □ □ http://umedia.nddaily.com/#20080515-8
> >□
> >□ Up to yesterday, 40,000 deaths and the Chinese Government is
> >□ expecting
> >□ the death toll will rise to 70,000 or more.
> >□
> >□ This is also an living example of:□ 'geological analysis
> □
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> >
>
Ngai YEUNG
Hi Prof. Zhao,
Very professional comments, so the problems are both with the improper design and poor construction and materials, guess similar conclusions shall be made by the other experts in the formal report.
Support the Sowers Actions, hope I could be of some help.
Cheers,
Ngai
From: HK...@googlegroups.com [mailto:HK...@googlegroups.com] On Behalf Of 赵作周
Sent: Tuesday, May 27, 2008 4:45 PM
To: HK...@googlegroups.com
Yuan Yuan
Hey Xiao Xiong, Haitao's contact:::
********************************
fromHai-Tao Wang <htwa...@gmail.com>
to oliv...@gmail.com
(chat)
9:02 AM me: BTW, who know where is Wang Haitao? His mobile is out of
service, I can't contact with him. I have another urgent thing need
his help. Thanks.Regards, Xiao XIONG
9:27 AM Hai-Tao: can you do me a favor and tell Xiao Xiong my email
address? I can't find out his.
9:56 AM me: your phone number?
9:57 AM Hai-Tao: 44 07535141812
9:58 AM me: good
********************************
--
Roseville, CA, 95747
Cell: (916)517-5127
Hao Liu
either. Regarding to geological and geotechnical part, tectonically
this earthquake occurred in a "LongMengShan" Faults, located at right
the interface of Tibet plateau and Sichun Basin, orientated eastern
northern north. The influence zone looks like an ellipse with the
faults on its long axis. In some degree, the fault occurs and
propagates just like an integrate high strength rock mass (limestone
or granite) in our MTS machine, under 180MPA stress or higher,
breaks down without any indicative signs in advance.
Further study may condisider the intensity zone, the ground motion
magnitude (said to be 630 gal this time, XI degree, near epicenter,
very high) and damage level of building. There must be some useful
relation for further design/works. Earthquake inducced landslide
/debris flow is a suitable topic too, which be more useful for further
risk analysis or assessment for potential residential areas .
Best
Liu Hao
赵作周
We also want to find the acceleration time history records of this earthquake and intensity distribution around the epicenter, but we can not get them and also have not reported by government or National Seicmic Bureau. We have suggested relative departments report the intensity zone and then strengening and retrofitting work can be started at once.
Regards,
Zhao Zuozhou
> -----Original Message-----
> From: "Hao Liu" <liu.h...@gmail.com>
> Date: Wed, 28 May 2008 10:53:08 +0800
> To: HK...@googlegroups.com
> --------------------------------------------
> 峘戝摨妛夛-Alumni of HKU.
Hao Liu
will depend on if we could get local digital map(with geo-reference)
Regards
LIUHAO
2008/5/28 赵作周 <zzz...@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn>: