What problems or challenges is William aware of? How does he deal with them? What is the historian’s goal and purpose? By what standards or criteria does William assess a piece of historical writing?
As a historian, William of Malmesbury recognized that he faced various challenges and difficulties, so he strove to overcome those hurdles. He understood that he needed to write in an interesting manner in order to truly be informative. He disliked boring, “ugly” writing and wrote for all people (present and future) so they would understand the past and be instructed for the future. He was also careful when writing about recent events saying “that in works of this character truth is often disastrous and falsehood profitable, for in writing of contemporaries it is dangerous to criticize, while praise is sure of a welcome “(Gesta Regum Anglorum, preface). William wrote of current actions in a way that neither deserved praise, nor criticism.
There are three purposes that are unique to William’s works: The first was his informational purpose - his desire “to fill up the chasm of 223 years” between Bede and Eadmer (known for his brilliant biography of St. Anselm). The second was William’s stylistic purpose - his work is dotted with sophisticated phrasing and beautiful stories. The third was his pastoral purpose – the significance of reading and studying history for the lessons that it gives and teaches us.
William’s aim was always for truth and knowledge; he was very particular when it came to assessing manuscripts and writing. He based the validity of manuscripts on how well they collaborated with others, whether or not the manuscript was reliable and consistent in other accounts, and on the reputation and trustworthiness of the manuscript’s source. William was so determined in the search for truth that he would consult a source’s source, even if universally considered “sound.”
William, despite his unimpressive education, was, and continues to be, one of the finest historians of all time. He imparts to his readers a rare historical context and purpose. William of Malmesbury stands on an academic and historical pedestal, passionate for truth and knowledge, and revered for his outstanding articulation.
Laura