Curriculum Development Book In Urdu Pdf

[David]

MustafaMenai is Lecturer of Urdu at the University of Pennsylvania South Asia Studies Department. After serving in strategic positions in the international and domestic non-profit education sector for over a decade, he conducted research in the areas of instructional planning, curriculum and assessment design at Mathematica Policy Research. He has been serving as a reviewer and consultant for the Defense Languages Institute. His research interest is focused on the history of Hindi-Urdu education, curriculum development and teacher training in South Asia. He is also interested in the pedagogy of teaching language through literature, and experimenting with different poetic structures such as ghazal, nazm and haiku. His teaching and research work is supported by an M.A. in International Education Development from Columbia University, and PhD studies (ongoing) in South Asia Regional Studies and Education at the University of Pennsylvania. He is also a certified Startalk, ACTFL (American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages) and ILR (Interagency Language Roundtable) Foreign Language Instructor.

DLS custom-makes your program based on a combination of the level of proficiency required and the backgrounds of the individual students. The objective is that learners meet or exceed those requirements.

DLS designs programs tailored to the specific needs performed in your industry enabling your team to excel at specialized job-related tasks. With a dual focus on language and culture acquisition, our curriculum empowers learners to perform confidently in any setting.

DLS crafts curriculum to incorporate a variety of training delivery methods. We blend in-class and self-paced instructional materials to create the right balance for your program. This flexible-style of delivery allows us to meet any need, every time.

Teachers and students were searching for high-level ILR language materials, but were struggling to find effective content. This issue was addressed using a content-based approach in conjunction with the Defense Language National Security Office (DLNSEO) CultureReady Basics online training modules for cross-cultural competence training.

CultureReady Basics was built by Aptima, Inc. on contract with DLNSEO, and was an easily accessible, free and effective tool for cross-cultural competence (3C) training. Using the English content in the CultureReady Basics modules, DLS created foreign language versions that bolster high-level language acquisition, and DLS produced culturally rich content in the form of culture-specific information along with notes highlighting cultural, lexical, and grammatical knowledge.

How to merge two separate worlds? CultureReady Basics needed to be infused with the language and culture of a specific region, like China or Russia, while retaining its meaning. The material had to be built with terminology, grammatical structures, and notes pertinent to a high-level learner while accounting for an intermediate-level learner trying to increase their language capacity. Additionally, a number of key terms and concepts in the English content did not exist in these other languages.

While carefully retaining the meaning, the team at DLS packed each language lesson full of sophisticated vocabulary, enhanced grammar, and notes that delve into unique insights learned from seasoned specialists. The team described unfamiliar terms and phrases in natural ways appropriate for each language. This combination created powerful and interesting language content structured to support an advanced learner. In this way, the foreign language options give high-level learners the ability to learn cross-cultural communication competencies while increasing language skills and cultural knowledge at the same time. For intermediate-level students, there is a support system built into the language and cultural notes. Students also have the option to view the content in English as needed.

A successful product that has prompted the request for more language modules. The quality of information found in these modules has received high ratings from students and there is the possibility of incorporating these modules into university curriculum. See for yourself what CultureReady Basics has to offer: -language/culture-101/cultureready-basics

Alma Sadikaj has several years of combined experience in international development, political affairs, program management, training and coaching, human resources and recruitment, logistics and operations, education, administration, marketing, sales, and client relations. Prior to joining us, Alma worked in both the non-profit and private sectors. Her passion is travel. During those journeys, she acquires insights about how cultures and languages are linked.

Education in Pakistan is overseen by the Federal Ministry of Education and the provincial governments, while the federal government mostly assists in curriculum development, accreditation and the financing of research and development. Article 25-A of the Constitution of Pakistan obligates the state to provide free and compulsory quality education to children of the age group 5 to 16 years. "The State shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of the age of five to sixteen years in such a manner as may be determined by law".[3] Considering the challenges confronting the youth in Pakistan, it's hardly astonishing that well-off and educated young individuals and professionals are opting to depart the country whenever they have the opportunity, exacerbating the brain drain phenomenon.[4]

The education system in Pakistan[5] is generally divided into six levels: preschool (for the age from 3 to 5 years), primary (years one to five), middle (years six to eight), secondary (years nine and ten, leading to the Secondary School Certificate or SSC), intermediate (years eleven and twelve, leading to a Higher Secondary School Certificate or HSSC), and university programs leading to undergraduate and graduate degrees.[6] The Higher Education Commission established in 2002 is responsible for all universities and degree awarding institutes.[7] It was established in 2002 with Atta-ur-Rahman as its Founding Chairman.[8]

Pakistan still has a low literacy rate relative to other countries.[9] As of 2022[update] Pakistan's literacy rates range from 96% in Islamabad to 23% in the Torghar District.[10] Literacy rates vary by gender and region. In tribal areas female literacy is 9.5%,[11] while Azad Kashmir has a literacy rate of 91%.[12] Pakistan's population of children not in school (22.8 million children) is the second largest in the world after Nigeria.[13] According to the data, Pakistan faces a significant unemployment challenge, particularly among its educated youth, with over 31% of them being unemployed. Moreover, women account for 51% of the overall unemployed population, highlighting a gender disparity in employment opportunities.[14] Pakistan produces about 445,000 university graduates and 25,000 to 30,000 computer science graduates per year As of 2021[update].[15]

Most schools also offer drama studies, music and physical education but these are usually not examined or marked. Home economics is sometimes taught to female students, whereas topics related to astronomy, environmental management and psychology are frequently included in textbooks of general science. Sometimes archaeology and anthropology are extensively taught in textbooks of social studies. SRE is not taught at most schools in Pakistan although this trend is being rebuked by some urban schools. Provincial and regional languages such as Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashto and others may be taught in their respective provinces, particularly in language-medium schools. Some institutes give instruction in foreign languages such as German, Turkish, Arabic, Persian, French and Chinese. The language of instruction depends on the nature of the institution itself, whether it is an English-medium school or an Urdu-medium school.

Secondary education in Pakistan begins in year 9 and lasts for four years. After end of each of the school years, students are required to pass a national examination administered by a regional Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education (or BISE).

Upon completion of year 9, students are expected to take a standardised test in each of the first parts of their academic subjects (SSC-I). They again take these tests of the second parts of the same courses at the end of year 10 (SSC-II). Upon successful completion of these examinations, they are awarded a Secondary School Certificate (or SSC). This is locally termed a 'matriculation certificate' or 'matric' for short. The curriculum usually includes a combination of eight courses including electives (such as Biology, Chemistry, Computer and Physics) as well as compulsory subjects (such as Mathematics, English, Urdu, Islamic studies and Pakistan Studies). The total marks for Matric are 1100 divided between 9th and 10th.[20]The marks are divided in each year follows: 75 marks for Maths, English and Urdu, 50 marks for Islamic Studies (or ethics for Non Muslim students) and Pakistan Studies, 65 marks for Sciences (Biology, Chemistry, Physics). An additional 90 marks are allotted for practicals (30 for each science). Students then enter an intermediate college and complete year 11 and 12. Upon completion of each of the two years, they again take standardised tests in their academic subjects (HSSC-I and HSSC-II). Upon successful completion of these examinations, students are awarded the Higher Secondary School Certificate (or HSSC). This level of education is also called the FSc/FA/ICS or 'intermediate'. There are many streams students can choose for their 11 and 12 years, such as pre-medical, pre-engineering, humanities (or social sciences), computer science and commerce. Each stream consists of three electives and as well as three compulsory subjects of English, Urdu, Islamiat (year 11 only) and Pakistan Studies (year 12 only).

Advanced Placement (or AP) is an alternative option but much less common than GCE or IGCSE. This replaces the secondary school education as 'High School Education' instead. AP exams are monitored by a North American examination board, College Board, and can only be given under supervision of centers which are registered with the College Board, unlike GCE O/AS/A Level and IGCSE which can be given privately.

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