R2r Trojan

[Chieko Boteler]

Incomputing, a Trojan horse (or simply Trojan) is any malware that misleads users of its true intent by disguising itself as a standard program. The term is derived from the ancient Greek story of the deceptive Trojan Horse that led to the fall of the city of Troy.[1]

Trojans are generally spread by some form of social engineering. For example, where a user is duped into executing an email attachment disguised to appear innocuous (e.g., a routine form to be filled in), or by clicking on a fake advertisement on social media or anywhere else. Although their payload can be anything, many modern forms act as a backdoor, contacting a controller who can then have unauthorized access to the affected computer.[2] Ransomware attacks are often carried out using a Trojan.

It was made popular by Ken Thompson in his 1983 Turing Award acceptance lecture "Reflections on Trusting Trust",[6] subtitled: "To what extent should one trust a statement that a program is free of Trojan horses? Perhaps it is more important to trust the people who wrote the software." He mentioned that he knew about the possible existence of Trojans from a report on the security of Multics.[7][8]

Once installed, Trojans may perform a range of malicious actions. Many tend to contact one or more Command and Control (C2) servers across the Internet and await instruction. Since individual Trojans typically use a specific set of ports for this communication, it can be relatively simple to detect them. Moreover, other malware could potentially "take over" the Trojan, using it as a proxy for malicious action.[9]

In German-speaking countries, spyware used or made by the government is sometimes called govware. Govware is typically a Trojan software used to intercept communications from the target computer. Some countries like Switzerland and Germany have a legal framework governing the use of such software.[10][11] Examples of govware Trojans include the Swiss MiniPanzer and MegaPanzer[12] and the German "state Trojan" nicknamed R2D2.[10] German govware works by exploiting security gaps unknown to the general public and accessing smartphone data before it becomes encrypted via other applications.[13]

Due to the popularity of botnets among hackers and the availability of advertising services that permit authors to violate their users' privacy, Trojans are becoming more common. According to a survey conducted by BitDefender from January to June 2009, "Trojan-type malware is on the rise, accounting for 83% of the global malware detected in the world." Trojans have a relationship with worms, as they spread with the help given by worms and travel across the internet with them.[14] BitDefender has stated that approximately 15% of computers are members of a botnet, usually recruited by a Trojan infection.[15]

Recent investigations have revealed that the Trojan horse method has been used as an attack on cloud computing systems. A Trojan attack on cloud systems tries to insert an application or service into the system that can impact the cloud services by changing or stopping the functionalities. When the cloud system identifies the attacks as legitimate, the service or application is performed which can damage and infect the cloud system.[16]

A Trojan horse is a program that purports to perform some legitimate function, yet upon execution it compromises the user's security.[17] A simple example is the following malicious version of the Linux sudo command. An attacker would place this script in a publicly writable directory (e.g., /tmp). If an administrator happens to be in this directory and executes sudo, then the Trojan may execute, compromising the administrator's password.

Having . somewhere in the PATH is convenient, but there is a catch.[19] Another example is the following malicious version of the Linux ls command. However, the filename is not ls; instead, it is sl. An attacker would place this script in a publicly writable directory (e.g., /tmp).

The computer term "Trojan horse" is derived from the legendary Trojan Horse of the ancient city of Troy. For this reason "Trojan" is often capitalized. However, while style guides and dictionaries differ, many suggest a lower case "trojan" for normal use.[30][31]

That's the DSU equation. We're a four-year university with nationally recognized programs, cutting-edge facilities, and the brightest thinkers. But we're also a tight-knit, inclusive community. Small class sizes mean hands-on training and individualized attention. All this with an affordable, public school price that's among the best values in the region.

Dakota State University is hosting Trojan Nights to celebrate the opening of the Brian Kern Family Stadium at the Beacom PREMIER Complex. The event will kick off on Tuesday, August 27, with a concert featuring Old Dominion with special guests Brothers Osborne, Elle King, and Host/DJ Blake Horstmann. The concert is exclusively sponsored by First PREMIER Bank and PREMIER Bankcard. Trojan Nights will conclude Thursday, August 29, in the new stadium, with DSU taking on the Dakota Wesleyan Tigers in the annual Ag Bowl on the new Blankley Field.

The $41 million Beacom PREMIER Complex is the first new DSU athletics facility since the Fieldhouse was finished in 1960. The South Dakota Board of Regents approved the naming of the Beacom PREMIER Complex and the Brian Kern Family Stadium at their meeting this week.

George Blankley served an important role in the early history of Dakota State Athletics as an instructor, coach, and athletic director who also taught students life skills necessary after graduation. He and his wife Shirley continue to impact students through an endowed scholarship. Their giving spirit will live on through future athletes who play on the new field, which previously was named Blankley Field.

Concert pre-sale tickets for DSU students and employees begin June 28, 2024. Depending on availability, tickets may be released to additional audiences and the general public at a later date. More information about the concert and artists can be found at dsu.edu/trojan-nights.

Ag Bowl celebrates the economic impact of our agricultural partners from across the state of South Dakota. Information about Ag Bowl tickets will be released at a later date.

The following WordPress website is blocked by ESET with a JS.Agent.rjr trojan warning. It's only showing for users with ESET installed and loading fine for other website users. We have all the plugin and Core files up-to-date and have Security plugins installed. None of the internal scans showing any malicious codes present. Could you please help us to locate the actual issue. It is critical as it's our business is affected.

Thank you so much for your quick reply. We have seen this report already but are not seeing any traces of this code in the source code nor in DB. Could you please help us how to locate the code and also is it any location specific? Thank you in advance.

is blocked by ESET with a JS.Agent.rjr trojan warning. It's only showing for users with ESET installed and loading fine for other website users. We have all the plugin and Core files up-to-date and have Security plugins installed in Wordpress.

In each campaign, the recipients are instructed to click on a link to view an invoice or fee, account statement, make a payment, etc. depending on the impersonated entity. If the user who clicks on the links is within a specific country (depending on the campaign, Mexico, Chile, Spain, Costa Rica, Peru, or Argentina), they are redirected to an image of a PDF icon, and a ZIP file is downloaded in the background. The ZIP files contain a large executable disguised with a PDF icon, found to have been created the day prior to, or the day of the email being sent.

Lastly, it undergoes a final round of 256-bit AES CBC decryption and unpadding to retrieve the plaintext string. Both the AES key and Initiation Vector (IV) are also stored as encrypted strings and have to be decrypted using the same algorithm as above, however skipping the AES decryption. The graph below gives an overview of the full decryption process:

Grandoreiro operators significantly upgraded the list of targeted banking applications, now targeting more than 1500 banks worldwide. The latest variants start by first determining if the victim is on the list of targeted countries. Each country is also mapped to a larger region, which Grandoreiro uses to determine which string searches it should run on currently active windows. This means that, if the victim country for instance is identified as Belgium, it will search for all targeted banking applications associated with the Europe region. Grandoreiro internally maps countries to the region categories Europe, North America, Central America, South America, Africa, Indo-Pacific and global islands, with each region having an associated Delphi class to search for bank applications. In addition, Grandoreiro has a class searching for 266 unique strings identifying cryptocurrency wallets, which is run on every infection.

Grandoreiro has traditionally relied on domain generation algorithms (DGA) to calculate its active C2 server based on the current date. The newest iteration of Grandoreiro contains a reworked algorithm and takes it one step further by introducing multiple seeds for its DGA. These seeds are used to calculate a different domain for each mode or functionality of the banking trojan, allowing separation of C2 tasks among several operators as part of their Malware-as-a-Service operation. Each Grandoreiro sample may have a main default seed in case the config file is missing, as well as a list of function-specific seeds. The sample X-Force analyzed contained 14 different seeds, leading to 14 possible C2 domains every day. To explain the algorithm, we will calculate the domains for April 17, 2024. The following chart provides a visualization of the algorithm with an explanation below:

3a8082e126