How Much To Study For Cfa Level 1
Johanne
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The other day, a friend and I were talking about becoming better writers by looking at the "reading levels" of our work. Scholars have formulas for automatically estimating reading level using syllables, sentence length, and other proxies for vocabulary and concept complexity. After the chat, just for fun, I ran a chapter from my book through the most common one, the Flesch-Kincaid index:
What this shows is the approximate number of years of education one needs to be able to comprehend the text. Flesch-Kincaid is the most popular calculator, but some scholars argue that other indices, like Gunning-Fog and SMOG [2] are better. For the above chart, I ran everything through the five most popular calculators, and took an average.[3]
Nonfiction is a little different, but you'll notice that these bestselling books tend to hover at or below 9th grade as well, with a few exceptions that are known for their difficulty (e.g. Good to Great is exceptional material but only really accessible to college students) or that were just crappy books (the ones who bought their own books in order to become bestsellers):
I was curious why GQ was more complex than LA Times, and Cosmo less complex than GQ. Turns out that esoteric vocabulary that you tend to find in fitness and health articles (like the one I sampled for GQ) clocks in at a higher reading level, even if the rest of the prose is simple.
It might not be reasonable (or desirable) to write business texts at a 4th grade reading level. Gladwell and Hemingway are different beasts.[10] But within a given genre, the best writers tend to write the simplest.[11]
[3] This average generally is higher than the Flesch-Kincaid index itself. Proponents of various measures of readability may argue that some of these works should have slightly different relative rankings. However, the point of this study is to show directional trends, which the average of the indices accomplishes nicely.
After a long hiatus from FSX, when I got back in flight simulation with MSFS, I was reading how people were paying over $100 USD for study level airliners. I was thinking that's pretty expensive, but if it's the norm for flight simulation, I guess I will have to pay if there is a study level airliner that I want really badly, especially a newly released study level airliner. Now you can buy a newly released study level airliner for $35 USD!
But the PMDG 737-600 is not the only cheap study level airliner on its release. The Fenix A320 is way cheaper than the FSLabs A320. Just Flight's BAe 146 is cheaper in MSFS than the XP and P3D counterpart. The Maddog in MSFS is cheaper than the P3D 5.3 version. And also, the CEO of TDFi taking notice of the lower prices for study level airliners in MSFS, and then stating for their MD-11 in MSFS:
Mind you, I am talking about the prices of newly released study level airliners. Prices do go down after the release, especially if a publisher wants to get some last minute money from their add-ons on a platform, before that platform will become phased out by a newer version (ie. iniBuilds putting their aircraft on sale for XP 11, because XP 12 is coming out, and iniBuilds probably won't port their aircraft to XP 12, now that they are in a partnership with MSFS).
I only used the stock aircraft that came with the sim decades ago, and i was shocked to see the cost of some of the addons in previous sims. I guess it is one bonus of MSFS being available to not only PC users, but also Xbox etc, it's the sheer numbers of buyers has made it possible for devs to still make a good profit ( Which is good for everyone, as it leads to more investment, and further addons created).
Hold the phone a sec. I don't keep up with the details because I'm not an airliner guy but i thought the PMDG 737 variants that were coming out after initial release of the 737 were add-ons to the base package? Is the 736-600 offered as a stand-alone product for $35?
Quote: The 737-600 is offered at $34.99 which represents a fantastic entry price for simmers who may be new to high-fidelity DLC for Microsoft Flight Simulator, new to PMDG, or are currently enjoying GA flying but curious to see what feature rich airliner simulations are really like in the beautiful environment of Microsoft Flight Simulator.
which has absolutely nothing whatsoever to do with either a payware addon or Microsoft Flight Simulator.
The Project Tupolev Tu 154 for FS9 was "study level" before the term study level was invented and was and is entirely free of charge.
It is, however, also utterly irrelevant to this discussion.
The low price of airliners in MSFS is especially impressive when considering we live in a period of hyperinflation, where everything else in the world is going up in price.
FBW is no where near the level of Zibo but Zibo has been out since 2017 I believe so FBW may catch up to that level eventually. Zibo is also the reason no one in the payware department even attempts to deliver a 737 800 for Xplane thats how good it is.
so both your recommendation of a freeware in XPlane 11 and mine in Microsoft Flight Simulator 2004 are equally out of place in this topic.
Selective reading is rarely better than full comprehension.
See that your fellow XPlane 11 users have now been attracted to this MSFS topic to bang their drums.
I think my main point in my original post though, was that MSFS is lowering the cost for us. I don't have to pay over $100 USD for a study level airliner when it releases. That's a perk of using MSFS, if you ask me. The money we save from MSFS on study level airliners, we can spend on other things, like better hardware, peripherals, other add-ons, maybe buy another study level airliner, etc.
Lol i'm not even a Xplane user I tried Xplane 10 twice. Im a MSFS user coming from FSX mind you but im not cheerleader like you probably are. I do follow what goes on in the flight community though and payware and freeware Zibo is up there.
Last year, Cannon Michael left over 100 acres of ripe cantaloupes unharvested. The sixth generation grower could not justify paying workers to pick them all because the cost of labor, packing, and, shipping would have been more than the price he could get for the fruit.
Most research on food loss and food waste has focused on post-harvest, retail, and consumer levels. The new study offers a far more accurate look at on-farm food loss by relying on in-field measurements. Most other studies have used less reliable grower surveys to estimate produce left in fields and put the percent of on-farm loss closer to 20 percent.
At the same time, food waste is a major source of greenhouse gas emissions, contributing 8 percent of total global emissions and at least 2.6 percent of all U.S. emissions. If food waste were a country, it would be the third-largest emitting country in the world, after China and the U.S.
Still, even when the loss occurs at the field level, it still requires plenty of water, land, fertilizer, pesticides in many cases, and agricultural labor. ReFED, a coalition of nonprofits, businesses, and government agencies that fight food loss and food waste, estimates that 21 percent of water, 18 percent of cropland, and 19 percent of fertilizer in the U.S. are dedicated to food that is never eaten.
The new study measured the loss of 20 hand-harvested crops in 123 fields on mid- to large-size conventional California farms. It found that food loss varied depending on the crop, and even on the variety of produce. (Produce that was damaged by disease, rot, pests, or machinery was not included in the measurements.)
Partial harvests were typical, the study found. The lowest losses were for tomatoes, sweet corn, and artichokes, though a significant amount of produce was still left in the fields. Some of the highest losses were for watermelon at 57 percent, cabbage at 52 percent, strawberries at 44 percent, and kale at 39 percent. By far the highest waste, at 113 percent (meaning more is lost than sold), occurred with romaine hearts, where all of the outer leaves were left in the fields.
The study also points out that growers often have little control over how much produce is lost. Unlike with retail and consumer-level food loss, farm-level loss is the product of a complex mix of forces that include field stability (how quickly a crop matures and how long it can stay in the field before going bad), weather, pests and plant diseases, labor availability, market prices, and buyer specifications for how produce should look and feel like.
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