World Ocean Assessment

[Graeme Taylor]

FYI: https://woa.un.org/sites/default/files/2026-06/WOA%20Publication%20Text.pdf

The scientists’ key findings include:

Sea levels continue to rise at an increasing rate, from 2mm a year prior to 2015 to 4.3mm a year in 2023.

16% of the increase in global ocean heat since 1955 occurred after 2018.

The greatest relative warming has been observed in the Atlantic Ocean and the southern parts of the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Large gaps in knowledge persist – with only 27% of the ocean floor mapped by 2025, deep-sea ecosystems remain poorly understood.

The global population increased from 7.7 billion in 2017 to 8.2 billion by late 2024. More than a third of people live within 100km of coasts and 11% live on land less than 10 metres above sea level.

[Jan Umsonst]

Hi all, ocean heat uptake increased from mean annual values of 2.9 Zj during 1958-1981 about 8 fold in 2025 to some 24 Zj of warming.

It's at the core of the vicious cycle we trigger now between the atmosphere and oceans.

And it's highly important to understand that Southern Hemisphere ocean warming rules the game, while the strong increases in Atlantic hear content is mainly due to a redistribution of the system channeling ocean heat into the Atlantic basin from the Southern Ocean and Indian Ocean.

Further, highly relevant: the system accumulate most heat during La Nina years and looses heat during El Ninos 

This changed now - during 2023/24 ocean heat uptake continued at very high levels why the neutral to weak La Nina years of 2025 should not have produced such a peak...

Further noteworthy our massive SOx emissions till 2010 did not stop the system to accelerate ocean heat uptake.

Further, as ocean heat uptake increases are driven by the southern Hemisphere where the Southern Annular Mode rules the game with massive storm systems it seem questionable in how far or how efficiently we can reduce ocean heat uptake via the troposphere in this region.

Best 

Jan

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