426 CMAAO CORONA FACTS and MYTH 21st April: Disease enhancement after vaccine
Dr K K Aggarwal
426 CMAAO CORONA FACTS and MYTH 21st April: Disease enhancement after vaccine
Dr K Aggarwal President CMAAO, HCFI,
With input from Dr Monica Vasudev
1568:
Increased breakthrough rates of COVID 19 variants of concern in BNT162b2 mRNA vaccinated individuals
Talia Kustin et al: doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.06.21254882
The BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine has demonstrated high protection levels, yet apprehension exists that several variants of concerns (VOCs) can surmount the immune defenses generated by the vaccines.
Neutralization assays have revealed some reduction in neutralization of VOCs B.1.1.7 and B.1.351, but the relevance of these assays in real life remains unclear.
The scientists performed a case-control study that examined whether BNT162b2 vaccinees with documented SARS-CoV-2 infection were more likely to become infected with B.1.1.7 or B.1.351 compared with unvaccinated individuals. Vaccinees infected at least a week after the second dose were disproportionally infected with B.1.351 (odds ratio of 8:1).
Those infected between two weeks after the first dose and one week after the second dose, were disproportionally infected by B.1.1.7 (odds ratio of 26:10), suggesting reduced vaccine effectiveness against both VOCs under different dosage/timing conditions.
Nevertheless, the B.1.351 incidence in Israel to-date remains low and vaccine effectiveness remains high against B.1.1.7, among those fully vaccinated. These results overall suggest that vaccine breakthrough infection is more frequent with both VOCs, yet a combination of mass-vaccination with two doses coupled with non-pharmaceutical interventions control and contain their spread.