Download Erdas Imagine 2022
Charolette Antosh
From the vector tab, I select "Reproject shapefile". For the input file I select this shapefile I opened, however I get the error "Fail to convert string to coordsys obj." Googling this error produces no results. The source projection fields are not filled, and I cannot reproject the shapefile:
Selecting Edit -> Add coverage projections (I assumed this was a way of defining the projection for the layer), I select Edit Projection Parameters, and then select WGS 84 and Decimal Degrees. I select Yes overwrite PRJ file, then get the error message "Faled to translate erdas map projection to PE coordsys.", which again brings up no results in Google.
ERDAS seems to be unable to read projection information for my shapefiles, or possibly unable to read the .prj files. Watching this video using an older version of ERDAS: =Vfk4eOJ92xw the process seems straightforward enough, but I've tried various shapefiles from different sources, and new shapefiles made in Arc and QGIS, and get the same error. I've managed to reproject raster data fine.
i. ArcGIS>ArcToolbox>Data management tools>Projection and transformationii. From Projection and transformation>define projection>Define projection has two parameters and they are input shape file and coordinate system.
The format we are calling ERDAS_IMG to distinguish from other uses of the .img file extension is a proprietary, partially documented format for multi-layer geo-referenced raster images developed originally for use with ERDAS IMAGINE software. This format is used widely for processing remote sensing data, since it provides a framework for integrating sensor data and imagery from many sources. This description covers all chronological versions of the format because the compilers of this resource have been unable to find documentation that clearly distinguishes between formats as produced by different versions of the software. Comments welcome. This format is one of the formats used for data delivery via the National Map as of early 2015, in particular for the National Elevation Dataset (NED).
Another key feature of the ERDAS_IMG format is that it is designed to store technical and georeferencing/geocoding metadata from the source data imported as layers. This supplies a record of provenance. See External File Format Header Object Types.
ERDAS IMAGINE software uses a tiled format to store raster layers. The tiled format allows raster layers to bedisplayed and resampled quickly. The default tile size used to be 64 pixels by 64 pixels, but now appears to be 512 pixels by 512 pixels. Within a tile, raster data uses the BSQ_enc ordering for pixels. Optionally, a large raster layer may be organized in a "pyramid" for faster processing. In pyramid layers, reduced, subsampled raster layers are created from the originalraster layer.
ERDAS_IMG is based on a Hierarchical File Format (HFA) structure. Many of the items that can be included are optional. In addition, because of the open nature of the HFA format, developers may create and add new types of items to the file. Raster layers may be compressed using a variant of Run Length Encoding known as Dynamic Range Run Length Encoding.
For images requiring more than 2 Gbytes of disk space (although some sources indicate that the limit is now 4 Gbytes), a two file dataset is required. The .img file contains the usual structure of headers and structural metadata but the actual image data is kept in a separate non-HFA file format, known as a Large Raster Spill File, with the extension .ige.
Various government agencies and projects distribute data in ERDAS_IMG format, including: the Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics (MRLC) consortium; the Coastal Change Analysis Program, and the National Elevation Dataset. Accompanying metadata sometimes mentions a particular version, presumed to refer to the version of ERDAS IMAGINE used to create the files. For example, the National Land Cover Database from MRLC, uses version 9.3.
Viewing the ERDAS_IMG multi-layered images requires specialized software. A free desktop viewer, ERDAS ER Viewer is available from Hexagon Geospatial. ERDAS_IMG files can be viewed in GeoViewer, freely downloadable from Extensis, formerly LizardTech. ERDAS_IMG files can be read and written by ArcGIS Desktop and other ESRI applications. See Supported raster dataset file formats from ArcGIS help. It is also supported by Safe Software's FME engine for format conversion.
As of January 2015, ERDAS IMAGINE software is distributed by Hexagon Geospatial, which is part of the Intergraph Corporation. Intergraph is in turn part of the Hexagon conglomerate, which acquired Intergraph in 2010.
The Landsat team recommend a workflow (Link via Internet Archive) using an ERDAS_IMG file as an intermediate file in order to fill in pixels that are missing in source images from Landsat 7. The final output of the workflow is a GeoTIFF image designed to be aesthetic rather than scientifically precise. Preparing Image Base Maps for the Digital AerialSketchmapping (DASM) System, from the U.S. Forestry Service, provides instructions for another map-making workflow. This workflow outputs the ERDAS_IMG file as well as files in JFIF_1_02 (JPEG File Interchange Format) and MrSID formats.
See Hexagon: Our History (Link via Internet Archive) for the complex chain of corporate acquisitions. The Internet Archive reveals a view of the complex branding context for ERDAS IMAGINE over the years. A website for ERDAS, www.erdas.com, was first captured by the Internet Archive in 1997. The company described itself as a "mapping software company specializing in Geographic Imaging solutions since 1978." The version of ERDAS IMAGINE was 8.3. The company description in August 2008 indicates that ERDAS was acquired by Leica Geosystems in 2001 and that Hexagon had acquired Leica Geosystems in 2005. ERDAS IMAGINE 2009 was version 9.3. By June 2012, www.erdas.com redirected to geospatial.intergraph.com. As of January 2015, the earlier URLs redirect to www.hexagongeospatial.com, a site first crawled by the Internet Archive in May 2014.
Erdas Imagine is a specific raster data format that is used primarily in ERDAS imagine software, created by Hexagon Geospatial. The format is specifically designed to process, analyze and manage raster data. The files are typically stored with .img file extension, reflecting its primary purpose as a storage medium for image data.
Raster data comprises grid cells or pixels, each of which contains a specific value. In a grayscale image, for instance, the raster data values might represent varying shades of gray, with each pixel's value indicating its specific shade. For multispectral imagery such as most satellite photographs, each pixel's value might contain multiple bands of information symbolizing different irradiance levels at different electromagnetic spectrum wavelengths.
One of the essential features of Erdas Imagine format (.img) is its capability to store multiple bands of data. This characteristic becomes crucial when dealing with remotely sensed imagery like satellite and aerial imagery, where data is captured in different spectral bands. Each spectral band is stored as a separate layer in the raster dataset, allowing for intricate analysis and processing of data.
Erdas Imagine (.img) data format also supports multiple data types such as 8-bit unsigned integers, 16-bit signed/unsigned integers, 32-bit signed/unsigned integers, and 32-bit/64-bit floating points. This attribute allows users to store pixel values in a data range that is suitable for a particular analysis. For example, 8-bit unsigned integers can be used to store values from 0 to 255 while 32-bit floating point numbers can store values with decimal places.
In addition, the Erdas Imagine format supports auxiliary data files that may contain georeference information, coordinate system definitions, spatial indices, and statistics. These auxiliary files have the same base name as the .img file but with different extensions like .ige, .rrd, .aux.xml, and so on. These additional files are crucial in providing context to the raw image data and enhancing its information content.
Erdas Imagine is a proprietary format, and while it is primarily intended for use with Hexagon Geospatial's ERDAS Imagine software, it can also be read and written by other platforms, including GDAL (Geospatial Data Abstraction Library) supported software such as Quantum GIS, or R software with packages like rgdal and raster.
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