Thank you both for your reply, Andreas and Jason!
Both of you have been immensely helpful. Following the steps Jason provided I successfully managed to set up different routes in my example project.
As suspected, the issue lied in the improperly configured base path of the web app. USBWebserver's 'server root' is located in the "root" directory of the USBWebserver package. With the basePath of the UFront application configured to "/", (to my understanding) it began searching for index.php at the very root of the... well, 'server root' directory. The reason why the wildcard route ( "/*") worked is because it matched the "haxe/ufront-example-HelloWorld/www/" path. Mystery solved.
I adjusted the UfrontApplication configuration parameters accordingly:
ufrontApp = new UfrontApplication({
indexController: app.Routes,
basePath: '/haxe/ufront-example-HelloWorld/www/',
});
The 'Context.getRequestUri()' calls now return the expected URI's: "/", and "/more" or "/more/".
It seems like an .htaccess file is not necessary as USBWebserver is configured to handle the rewriting on its own. However, I included one similar to Andreas' as insurance.
Now that I have a better understanding of the basePath field, I'm going to store it in a configuration file for easier adjustment. Once I finish this example and document it, I'll set up a GitHub repository and publish it there. I would really like to increase the amount of information avaialable on UFront, and feel like a few example projects are a good start.
Once again, thank you for your help! I hope I'll be able to return the favour soon,
Domagoj