The topic of vaccination is very important. I felt that way when I first
wrote about it after reading the autobiography of Ben Franklin and long
before the current measles outbreak (see "New Dark Age?",
http://tinyurl.com/m2h8fc6 ). I felt the same way again more recently (see
"New Dark Age?",
http://tinyurl.com/l6xsnpf ).
Vaccination is important enough that the accuracy of what we write on this
topic matters more than most. Why? It matters because new parents may make
decisions to vaccinate or not based on what they read in a forum like this.
The health of children may be at risk as a result.
This perspective is why I was so surprised when Stacy McCland wrote (see
"Expanded Spam Moderation Policy",
http://tinyurl.com/ltbt8kw ):
Dave's "ramblings" were all sourced from independent,
scientific research studies that use sound principles
of pre-determined, non-biased analytics.
Yet anyone looking into Dave's sources even in a cursory way can see that
"independent, scientific research studies that use sound principles of
pre-determined, non-biased analytics" bears little resemblance to what Dave
actually referenced. His sources demonstrate neither sound scientific
principles nor an unbiased representation of the facts.
Two of the three sources analyzed are the epitome of bias (bereaved and
angry parents) while the third is a snake oil salesman who uses anti-science
to sell alternative healthcare products (see "Examples of Disreputable
Sources",
http://tinyurl.com/lmko83k ).
My point is that Stacy needs to be much more specific and accurate in what
she writes. She also needs to include specific references to support her
positions, not just blanket pronouncements.
I was also surprised to read this (see "Expanded Spam Moderation Policy",
http://tinyurl.com/lxae4y4 ):
To you, the proponents of vaccines are qualified and
reputable sources. They are not quite educated,
knowledgeable, or credible enough to fit that criteria
in my book.
SMQ1) What are your sources on this pronouncement Stacy?
My sources tell me exactly the opposite. Here are a few examples:
ACP Statement on Immunizations
http://tinyurl.com/jvnv3bx
The American College of Physicians expresses its full
support for the evidence-based recommendations of the
Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) and
the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
regarding immunization against measles, rubella, and
mumps (MMR) (see
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr6204a1.htm
and
http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2107750).
The scientific evidence clearly supports the benefit of
the MMR vaccine and the lack of any association with
autism.
SMQ2) Stacy, is it your position that members of the American College of
Physicians are "not quite educated?"
Emergency Rooms Prepared For Measles Outbreak
http://tinyurl.com/n29k4sx
"Vaccinations are essential to decreasing the risks of
serious diseases and infections, like the measles,"
said Dr. Gerardi. "These vaccines not only help keep
children safer and healthier, but they also help stop
the spread of deadly, preventable diseases."
The nation's emergency physicians urge all parents and
guardians to work with their primary care physicians,
including pediatricians, to make sure everyone in their
family is up-to-date on all necessary vaccinations and
to set up a vaccination schedule.
SMQ3) Do you believe that members of the American College of Emergency
Physicians are also "not quite educated, knowledgeable?"
How to answer patients' questions about vaccinations
http://tinyurl.com/ll9bdhq
If you're talking to patients about the MMR vaccine,
it's likely that they will ask you about links between
the vaccine and autism. All reputable scientific
studies have found no relationship between the vaccine
and autism. Most concerns stem from a 1998 study
published in the Lancet in the United Kingdom, in which
an author claimed that MMR vaccine could contribute to
the development of autism. Data in this article were
proven to have been fabricated, the article was
retracted, and the author discredited. This article was
followed by many large, well-designed population-based
studies that found no link between the MMR vaccine and
autism.
The AMA supports the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention's (CDC) policy on vaccinations, including
use of the MMR vaccine, and endorses the comprehensive
vaccine recommendations developed by the Advisory
Committee for Immunization Practices. The following
information can help you set the record straight with
your patients.
SMQ4) Is it also your position Stacy that members of the American Medical
Association are "not quite educated, knowledgeable, or credible enough?"
I was also surprised to read this (see "Expanded Spam Moderation Policy",
http://tinyurl.com/lxae4y4 ):
As a biochemist, my standards are quite high.
We all know you are a lawyer Stacy and I think many may also know that you
have an undergraduate degree in biochemistry. But I was completely unaware
that you also work as a biochemical scientist.
Please reply with links to your most recently published peer-reviewed papers
in biochemistry or links to peer-reviewed journals where they are published.
I will spend my own money to acquire copies as needed. If it turns out that
you really are working as a biochemist (while also lawyering), I will
apologize for doubting you and, with your help, I will completely reevaluate
my position on vaccination.
Stacy wrote (see "New Dark Age?",
http://tinyurl.com/mrnraav ):
Specifically, germ theory was developed in the 1600s.
Again, it was not widely accepted for centuries and those
few doctors that pushed its idea were highly criticized.
George responded (see "New Dark Age?",
http://tinyurl.com/mzms8so ):
Regarding germ theory, perhaps your biochemistry
background gives you access to sources unknown to us.
What I recall from school and from what I am now
finding online, germ theory developed coincident with
medical science in general and started in the 1800's
with Bassi, Schwann, Semmelweis, Pasteur and Lister,
not during the 1600's. Please reply with a source for
your claim.
Stacy then wrote (see "Expanded Spam Moderation Policy",
http://tinyurl.com/lxae4y4 ):
Yes, germ theory was developed in the 1600s -- this is
historical and factual, not an opinion. No, it wasn't
called "germ theory" until much later, but that is the
time period when the theory that some type of particles
that could not be seen by the human eye were causing
diseases.
Although my "please reply" statement above didn't actually include a
question mark, it was indeed a question which you ignored Stacy. So I will
ask it again.
SMQ5) What are your sources for claiming that germ theory originated in the
1600s?
Here's what I found:
The Joy of Science: An Examination of How Scientists Ask and
Answer Questions Using the Story of Evolution as a Paradigm
http://books.google.com/books?id=Aj-blKKcKKwC&pg=PA139
CLASSICAL EXPERIMENTS
Antonie von Leeuwenhoek
We will describe below a few classical experiments for
which, in addition to the ones above, you should
identify the elements of evidence, logic, and
falsification.
...
Remember that, before this time, 1675, no one had ever
seen an organism smaller than the eye could resolve.
Although it was clear that diseases could propagate,
bad air ("malaria") or vapors from water were
considered likely causes. Also, Leeuwenhoek was an
extremely skilled craftsman, and the lenses that he
made were far superior to those of anyone else. Thus,
when he attempted to publish his findings in the
proceedings of the prestigious London-based Royal
Academy of Sciences, he received what may have been the
worst rejection letter ever written:
"When I observed for the first time in the year 1675
very tiny and numerous little animals in the water, and
I announced this in a letter to the Royal Society in
London, nor in England nor in France one could accept
my discovery, and so one still does in Germany, as I
have been informed." In a letter, Hendrik Oldenburg,
the Secretary of the Royal Society, London, wrote the
following to Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek, Delft, Holland,
20th of October, 1676:
"Dear Mr. thony van Leeuwenhoek, Your letter of October
10th has been received here with amusement. Your
account of myriad 'little animals' seen swimming in
rainwater, with the aid of your so-called 'microscope,'
caused the members of the society considerable
merriment when read at our most recent meeting. Your
novel descriptions of the sundry anatomies and
occupations of these invisible creatures led one member
to imagine that your 'rainwater' might have contained
an ample portion of distilled spirits—imbibed by the
investigator. Another member raised a glass of clear
water and exclaimed, 'Behold, the Africk of
Leeuwenhoek.' For myself, I withhold judgment as to the
sobriety of your observations and the veracity of your
instrument. However, a vote having been taken among the
members—accompanied I regret to inform you, by
considerable giggling—it has been decided not to
publish your communication in the Proceedings of this
esteemed society. However, all here wish your 'little
animals' health, prodigality and good husbandry by
their ingenious 'discoverer".
There was little concept of the ability of a lens to
magnify, and no concept of microscopic life; a group of
prestigious scientists simply could not accept the idea
that an unseen world existed. Of course it did, and
improvements in microscope manufacture and many
confirmations of van Leeuwenhoek's findings finally won
out. This rejection of not-obvious new findings has
often been repeated.
...
Let us therefore look at four classical experiments
that are in one sense related, in that they form a
sequence documenting that germs are living creatures
and that they can cause disease. The experiments are as
follows: Redi's demonstration that maggots do not
generate spontaneously; Pasteur's demonstration that
spoiling of broths was caused by bacteria; Koch's
establishment of rules for identifying disease caused
by bacteria; and Snow's tracing of cholera to a living,
water-borne organism.
The above account means that while Leeuwenhoek's "little animals" were known
as early as 1675, the correlation between microscopic organisms and disease
was not hypothesized until much later. Pasteur (1822-1895), Koch (1843-1910)
and Snow (1813-1858) didn't do their work until the 1800s.
Perhaps Stacy has sources detailing the correlation between microorganisms
and disease sometime between 1675 and 1699. If so, she needs to produce
them.