Raster Y Vectorial

[Jayme Chouinard]

Firstit says that I have floating points rather than integers so I have I have seen you can use raster calculator to multiply the numbers to make them whole. Multiplying the points did not work, it would not let me do it - I do not know the error code right now for it but I can have a look. What I am trying to do is extract the raster from the vector but have ranges for the classifications.

Well I am trying to convert to a vector as I want to understand the percentage of surface area which is an ideal climatic location for a species. I do not want a polygon around each pixel and want to add ranges or categories and have each pixel fit into a range so then I can have larger polygons. Or if that is not possible to extract from the raster a certain range so I can see the different areas.

The floating point raster can be changed to an integer rasterin ArcMap - ArcToolbox > Data Management Tools > Raster > Raster Dataset > Copy Raster. In ArcGIS, you need an integer raster to be able to convert it to polygon.

However in QGIS, I could create a vector shapefile directly from a Float32 - Thirty two bit floating point raster in Raster - Conversions - Polygonize. QGIS is able to create shapefiles from larger rasters than ArcGIS.Good Luck!

Another approach for converting a float raster in ArcGIS ArcPro is to use the Lookup tool to recode your float values into an integer value. The output being an integer raster which you can then feed into the raster to polygon tool.

i just read an article about raster and vector graphics. Well this suddenly popped in my mind. i read that in vector graphics its basically specifying equations/paths for objects or shapes and not as pixels.

they have infinite resolution - no matter how large you expand or how small you contract the image, the math creating it holds up and it will always show smooth, clear edges and details. The little 36KB logo file mentioned above can be printed at ANY size

To give u an example lets say i have a rectangle defined in a raster image (for e.g. a bitmap so to speak) having width 100 and height 100. No matter what color i use to fill the rectangle, it would need 100x100 (width*height) pixels to represent it. In case of vector(for e.g. an eps image), you will just store the two coordinates the left,top and right,bottom. The amount of pixels needed is totally dependent on the output device and the scale to which you want to evaluate the rectangle on the output device.

Another subtle difference pops up when u perform zooming in. In the raster image for zooming in, u would still use the same 100x100 pixels and replicate the rows and cols of pixels based on how much magnification is needed and this gives u the characteristic blockiness of a raster image. However, for a vector, u can reevaluate the color at a new interval based on the fill attribute assigned to the rectangle thus u donot get the blockiness and get a much higher visual quality. I hope this clears up the difference.

Vector graphics are a form of computer graphics in which visual images are created directly from geometric shapes defined on a Cartesian plane, such as points, lines, curves and polygons. The associated mechanisms may include vector display and printing hardware, vector data models and file formats, as well as the software based on these data models (especially graphic design software, computer-aided design, and geographic information systems). Vector graphics are an alternative to raster or bitmap graphics, with each having advantages and disadvantages in specific situations.[1]

While vector hardware has largely disappeared in favor of raster-based monitors and printers,[2] vector data and software continue to be widely used, especially when a high degree of geometric precision is required, and when complex information can be decomposed into simple geometric primitives. Thus, it is the preferred model for domains such as engineering, architecture, surveying, 3D rendering, and typography, but is entirely inappropriate for applications such as photography and remote sensing, where raster is more effective and efficient. Some application domains, such as geographic information systems (GIS) and graphic design, use both vector and raster graphics at times, depending on purpose.

Vector graphics are based on the mathematics of analytic or coordinate geometry, and is not related to other mathematical uses of the term vector. This can lead to some confusion in disciplines in which both meanings are used.

The logical data model of vector graphics is based on the mathematics of coordinate geometry, in which shapes are defined as a set of points in a two- or three-dimensional cartesian coordinate system, as p = (x, y) or p = (x, y, z). Because almost all shapes consist of an infinite number of points, the vector model defines a limited set of geometric primitives that can be specified using a finite sample of salient points called vertices. For example, a square can be unambiguously defined by the locations of three of its four corners, from which the software can interpolate the connecting boundary lines and the interior space. Because it is a regular shape, a square could also be defined by the location of one corner, a size (width=height), and a rotation angle.

In many vector datasets, each shape can be combined with a set of properties. The most common are visual characteristics, such as color, line weight, or dash pattern. In systems in which shapes represent real-world features, such as GIS and BIM, a variety of attributes of each represented feature can be stored, such as name, age, size, and so on.[3]

In some Vector data, especially in GIS, information about topological relationships between objects may be represented in the data model, such as tracking the connections between road segments in a transport network.[4]

Vector-based devices, such as the vector CRT and the pen plotter, directly control a drawing mechanism to produce geometric shapes. Since vector display devices can define a line by dealing with just two points (that is, the coordinates of each end of the line), the device can reduce the total amount of data it must deal with by organizing the image in terms of pairs of points.[5]

Vector graphic displays were first used in 1958 by the US SAGE air defense system.[6] Vector graphics systems were retired from the U.S. en route air traffic control in 1999.[citation needed] Vector graphics were also used on the TX-2 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lincoln Laboratory by computer graphics pioneer Ivan Sutherland to run his program Sketchpad in 1963.[7]

Subsequent vector graphics systems, most of which iterated through dynamically modifiable stored lists of drawing instructions, include the IBM 2250, Imlac PDS-1, and DEC GT40. There was a video game console that used vector graphics called Vectrex as well as various arcade games like Asteroids, Space Wars, Tempest and many cinematronics titles such as Rip Off, and Tail Gunner using vector monitors.[8] Storage scope displays, such as the Tektronix 4014, could display vector images but not modify them without first erasing the display. However, these were never as widely used as the raster-based scanning displays used for television, and had largely disappeared by the mid-1980s except for specialized applications.

Plotters used in technical drawing still draw vectors directly to paper by moving a pen as directed through the two-dimensional space of the paper. However, as with monitors, these have largely been replaced by the wide-format printer that prints a raster image (which may be rendered from vector data).

Because this model is useful in a variety of application domains, many different software programs have been created for drawing, manipulating, and visualizing vector graphics. While these are all based on the same basic vector data model, they can interpret and structure shapes very differently, using very different file formats.

Vector graphics are commonly found today in the SVG, WMF, EPS, PDF, CDR or AI types of graphic file formats, and are intrinsically different from the more common raster graphics file formats such as JPEG, PNG, APNG, GIF, WebP, BMP and MPEG4.

The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) standard for vector graphics is Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG). The standard is complex and has been relatively slow to be established at least in part owing to commercial interests. Many web browsers now have some support for rendering SVG data but full implementations of the standard are still comparatively rare.

In recent years, SVG has become a significant format that is completely independent of the resolution of the rendering device, typically a printer or display monitor. SVG files are essentially printable text that describes both straight and curved paths, as well as other attributes. Wikipedia prefers SVG for images such as simple maps, line illustrations, coats of arms, and flags, which generally are not like photographs or other continuous-tone images.[citation needed] Rendering SVG requires conversion to a raster format at a resolution appropriate for the current task. SVG is also a format for animated graphics.

There is also a version of SVG for mobile phones. In particular, the specific format for mobile phones is called SVGT (SVG Tiny version). These images can count links and also exploit anti-aliasing. They can also be displayed as wallpaper.

CAD software uses its own vector data formats, usually proprietary formats created by software vendors, such as Autodesk's DWG and public exchange formats such as DXF. Hundreds of distinct vector file formats have been created for GIS data over its history, including proprietary formats like the Esri file geodatabase, proprietary but public formats like the Shapefile and the original KML, open source formats like GeoJSON, and formats created by standards bodies like Simple Features and GML from the Open Geospatial Consortium.

3a8082e126