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Thearchive appraises documents from these areas and from the Institute for their archival value and takes them over as archival material. In addition, the archive keeps these important records, preserves them and restores them. Furthermore, the AdP describes the archive material according to archival principles and makes it usable and accessible for archive users. Similarly, it processes supplementary collections on the history of polar and marine research and the personal papers of polar and marine researchers. Furthermore, the AdP is involved in researching and communicating the history of German polar and marine research, with a special focus on the history of the Alfred-Wegener-Institute.

The AdP is a cooperative member of the International Council on Archives (ICA), the Association of German Archivists (VdA - Verband deutscher Archivarinnen und Archivare e. V.) and the Bremen Archives Working Group.

In order to use the AdP, you must submit an application for use. Therein, please state your name, address, subject area as well as the type and purpose of your use. By signing the application, you undertake to comply with the AdP Archive Regulations, the applicable Bremen Archive and Data Protection Act and the applicable personal rights and copyrights.

The Bremen Archives Act provides for protection periods for certain archival records and exemptions for the use of these records before the expiry of these periods. You therefore have the option of submitting an application to shorten the protection period. If the application is granted, you may inspect the archival records listed therein.

The archive will also be happy to answer your enquiries in writing. However, if extensive research in the archive's holdings is necessary, a fee of currently 80 euros per hour will be charged according to the scale of fees.

In accordance with EU-GDPR Art. 13 (1), we inform you that we collect and process personal data so that you can use the archive material (making archive material available in the reading room, answering your enquiry, etc.).

The legal basis for this procedure results from the EU-GDPR Art. 6 Paragraph 1 e) in conjunction with the Bremen Archive Act (BremArchivG) 1 Paragraph 1 and 12 Paragraph 1 Item 1 in conjunction with the AdP Archive Regulations, Part 2, 2 and 3.

The holdings of each archive are arranged according to the so-called provenance principle (from Latin provenire, i.e. to arise). When applying this principle, it is assumed that it is agencies in organisations that generate documents and file them according to a fixed classification scheme. The archive therefore always forms a so-called holding from the documents accrued by an organisational unit, the order of which it adopts and retains whenever possible.

By applying the provenance principle, the archive avoids having to classify the archival records in complex classification systems such as library systems, i.e. working according to the principle of pertinence - a task which it usually cannot accomplish with its own limited personnel resources. At the same time, with this way of working, the archive avoids the problem of having to adapt the classification systems to the - from its point of view - fast-moving changes in those world views and questions on the basis of which these systems were developed, or even having to develop them anew due to new perspectives and questions. In addition, the archive will then no longer have to rearrange the archival records, which would only be possible with considerable effort each time.

As an archive user, you also benefit from the archive's work with the provenance principle. You get permanent, consistent access to the archive holdings. In addition, you receive information about the origin of the archival records, about the work of the submitting agency and about its history. However, this procedure of the archive requires you to abandon your expectations and habits of use, which have been shaped by the use of libraries or internet search engines, and to orientate yourself to the archive's classification structures.

If you observe the provenance principle, your first search path should lead you to the guide to the AdP's holdings or to its holdings tectonics. You can find the latter in the archive's online data base under "Bestndebersicht" and "Bestandstektonik". This will give you a first impression of whether the archive material in the archive is suitable for answering your questions. Once you have identified a suitable fonds, you can obtain more detailed information on it by searching for its respective designation in the archive search engine under "Bestandsbeschreibungen".

In a second attempt, you should use the archive's online search to search the results of the AdP describing work on the holdings that have already been posted on the internet. However, not many holdings can be searched in this way at present. However, further results are constantly being added to the existing results.

The third way to obtain information about the holdings is to contact the AdP directly. The archive will be happy to answer any questions you may have about the content of the holdings. Prepared for your visit in this way, you can then order the desired archival records from the archivist in the user and administration area of the AdP, indicating the signature and title, and view them at one of the three user workstations. The archivist will also be happy to advise and support you in your search on site.

The AdP preserves some unique archives of polar and marine research and the AWI permanently, i.e. literally for eternity. However, during use, paper and photographic archives in particular can suffer damage and decay. As an archive user, you are therefore requested to treat the archive material with special care and caution.

The Veterans History Project (VHP) at the Library of Congress collects, preserves and makes accessible the firsthand recollections of U.S. military veterans who served from World War I through more recent conflicts and peacekeeping missions, so that future generations may hear directly from veterans and better understand what they saw, did and felt during their service. The Veterans History Project Collection includes oral histories along with documentary materials such as original letters, diaries, photographs, and memoirs.

Veterans and interviewers contribute these materials to the Library for scholarly and educational purposes, retaining any copyright they may hold. Therefore, permission must be obtained before using the interview or other materials in exhibition or publication. Researchers or others who would like to make further use of these materials should contact the Veterans History Project for assistance.

In order for VHP materials to be duplicated, we must receive written permission from the interviewee for you to obtain a copy of the recording unless the proposed use is limited to personal use, research, or other uses permissible by copyright law. If the interviewee is deceased, their next-of-kin may grant written permission.

Please contact VHP for assistance if you need to contact a veteran for permission to use their materials in exhibition or publication, or if you have received permission from the veteran and need access to high-resolution copies of VHP collection materials.

In recent years, the increased consumption in meat has greatly promoted the development of animal farming, especially in sheep. As a food source that can supply high quality fat and protein as well as key vitamins, mutton plays an important role in the global nutrition security (Vahmani et al. 2020). With the continuous development of intensive meat sheep breeding, fattening has gradually developed into the main mode of meat sheep production. However, the roughage resources with high quality are limited in some parts of the world. In order to meet the nutrient requirements for high production performance, sheep are usually fed with rations high in concentrates. Nevertheless, sheep fed concentrate-rich diets leads to metabolic acidosis, reducing feed efficiency and damaging gastrointestinal function (Lu et al. 2023). Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is a common kind of metabolic acidosis, which can decrease ruminal pH and induce the microbial death to release endotoxins and gastrointestinal dysfunction, leading to reduced feed intake, immune function and production performance of ruminants (Ma et al. 2021). Previous studies have found that buffering agent (Erdman 1988), monensin (Pacheco et al. 2023), lactic acid bacteria (Fenta et al. 2023) and organic acids (Vyas et al. 2015) can be used in alleviating the damage of gastrointestinal function caused by SARA. Although these strategies can attenuate the economic losses caused by SARA to a certain extent, they also have some drawbacks, such as high cost, drug residue and resistance, and cannot fundamentally solve the problem of SARA. Thus, finding an effective method without side effects to prevent the occurrence of SARA is important for intensive breeding industry of meat sheep.

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