Julie and Iset off for Avalon on Saturday. We arrived just after dark. Therewasn't much wind and we motored the last two-thirds there.
On the way to our mooring, I ran over a line in the water. It wrappedin thepropeller and stopped us dead. OK, I've become a littlenight-blind. Hireda diver who freed us and told me I broke a blade off the propeller.Maybe hecould get a prop by helicopter on Monday. Sounded very expensive and atthemercy of strangers far from home.
We spent Saturday night on the mooring. The next morning Idecided to sailback while we still had plenty of provisions and most of our money. Ifiguredthat if the wind died and we got stuck between Catalina and home wecould callfor a tow. "Home" was about 23 nautical miles away. The forecastcalled for 10-15 knot winds in the evening. I remembered that theisland tendsto block westerly winds and we would have a chance after we were out oftheisland's shadow.
We got a few miles out and the wind died completely. We bobbed arounduntil lateafternoon. With two hours of daylight remaining, the wind returned. 20miles togo. The wind suddenly increased to 15 knots and the boat shot along atbetween 5and 6 knots. It was a somewhat wild ride until I got the sails adjustedfor theincreased wind.
After dark the wind began to drop. 5 miles out, 5.5 knots. 4 miles out,4.5knots, three miles out, 3.5 knots. At this rate we would always benearly anhour from home. Thankfully the wind returned just enough to keep usmoving well.We crossed into the harbor around eight and managed to avoid the largefreightergoing out as soon as we got inside. Remember I have no engine to pushthe boat,at least not more than at a very slow speed. I tacked across theharbor and gotto the entrance to our marina when the wind completely died. We wereable toslowly motor into our slip on a propeller with one blade. Westayed here andpartied instead. We plan to return to the house this afternoon(Tuesday). Itsbeen fun.
You can tell how much fun it was because we have no pictures. None.
Well, wehave two pictures taken long afterthat fatefulday. The one armed prop shot shows where the blade brokeoff. Iexamined the remaining blade closely and discovered small cracks nextto thehub. With the hub in a vise I put a few pounds on the blade andit brokeoff, just as the other one had. Well, perhaps I put 10 pounds onit, Idon't remember. The important thing to realize is that this propwaswaiting to fail. It really took very little force.
Diamond blade users are no strangers to mishaps. One of the most common problems they experience involves the segments. When one (or more) of the segments breaks, it might result in blade damages, as well as the threat of segments flying out.
Dry cutters use air for coolant, so use your diamond blades in a shallow sawing mode, which allows the air to flow freely around the blade. Using the dry diamond blade for deep or continuous cutting might result in loss of segments, as well as overheating.
An adequate water supply matters to wet cutting jobs; this prevents blades from washing out. Overheating also causes blunt segments, and if you use a wet diamond blade without water, expect damages in a matter of minutes.
Worn-out saw machine blade shafts result in an unstable diamond blade during the cutting process and, eventually, blade loss. Spare your saw from further damage by replacing the shaft or its bearings as soon as possible.
Poisoned candy myths are urban legends about malevolent strangers intentionally hiding poisons, drugs, or sharp objects such as razor blades in candy, which they then distribute with the intent of harming random children, especially during Halloween trick-or-treating. These myths, originating in the United States, serve as modern cautionary tales to children and parents and repeat two themes that are common in urban legends: danger to children and contamination of food.[1]
No cases of strangers killing or permanently injuring children this way have been proven.[2] Commonly, the story appears in the media when a young child dies suddenly after Halloween. Medical investigations into the actual cause of death have always shown that these children did not die from eating candy given to them by strangers. However, in rare cases, adult family members have spread this story to cover up filicide or accidental deaths. In other incidents, a child who has been told about poisoned candy places a dangerous object or substance in a pile of candy and pretends that it was the work of a stranger. This behavior is called the copycat effect. Folklorists, scholars, and law enforcement experts say that the story that strangers put poison into candy and give that candy to trick-or-treating children has been "thoroughly debunked".[3][2]
Worries that candy from strangers might be poisoned have led to the rise of alternative events to trick-or-treating, such as events held at Christian churches, police and fire stations, community centers, and retail stores.[4][5] The primary risk to children's health and safety on Halloween is being killed by a car.[2]
Claims that candy was poisoned or adulterated gained general credence during the Industrial Revolution, when food production moved out of the home or local area, where it was made in familiar ways by known and trusted people, to strangers using unknown ingredients and unfamiliar machines and processes.[6] Some doctors publicly claimed that they were treating children poisoned by candy every day. If a child became ill and had eaten candy, the candy was widely assumed to be the cause. However, no cases of illness or death were ever substantiated.
In the 1890s and 1900s, the US Bureau of Chemistry, in conjunction with state agencies, tested hundreds of kinds of candy and found no evidence of poisons or adulteration.[7] These tests revealed that inexpensive glucose (from corn syrup) was in common use for cheap candies, that some candies contained trace amounts of copper from uncoated copper cooking pans, and that coal tar dyes were being used for coloring, but there was no evidence of the many types of poison, industrial waste, garbage, or other adulterants alleged to be present. Eventually, the claims that children were being sickened by candy were put down to indigestion due to overeating, or to other causes, including food poisoning due to improper cooking, hygiene, or storage of meat and other foods.[6]
Due to their fears, parents and communities restricted trick-or-treating and developed alternative "safe" events, such as trunk-or-treat events held at Christian churches.[5] This collective fear also served as the impetus for the "safe" trick-or-treating offered by many local malls.[10]
The myth may also distract parents from the primary safety risk on Halloween, which is children being killed by cars. In the US, young children ages 4 to 8 are ten times as likely to be killed by a car on Halloween than on any other day of the year.[11][12] Children of all ages (age 0 to 17) are three times as likely to be killed by a vehicle on Halloween than during the rest of the year.[11][13]
In 1964, a disgruntled Long Island, New York woman gave out packages of inedible objects to children who she believed were too old to be trick-or-treating. The packages contained items such as steel wool, dog biscuits, and ant buttons (which were clearly labeled with the word "poison"). Though nobody was injured, she was prosecuted and pleaded guilty to endangering children. The same year saw media reports of lye-filled bubble gum being handed out in Detroit and rat poison being given in Philadelphia, although these reports were never substantiated to be actual events.[14]
Another notable milestone in the spread of the candy tampering myths was an article published in The New York Times in 1970. This article claimed that "Those Halloween goodies that children collect this weekend on their rounds of 'trick or treating' may bring them more horror than happiness" and provided specific examples of potential tampering.[15]
Reports and copycat incidents peaked shortly after the Chicago Tylenol murders, which were first reported one month before Halloween and continued into October 1982, further contributing to the myth of candy tampering.[16] The Chicago Tylenol murders involved an unidentified murderer who tampered with and added poison to a few bottles of over-the-counter medication after the medication had been delivered to stores, resulting in the deaths of several people who then ingested the medication.
Joel Best, a sociologist at the University of Delaware, specializes in the scholarly study of candy-tampering legends. He collected newspaper reports from 1958 to 1983 in search of evidence of candy tampering.[16] Fewer than 90 instances might have qualified as actual candy tampering. In none of the cases does he attribute the events to "random attempts to harm children" during the Halloween holiday. Instead, most cases were attempts by adults to gain financial compensation or, far more commonly, by children to get attention.[1][17] Best found five child deaths that were initially thought by local authorities to be caused by homicidal strangers, but none of those were sustained by investigation.[1]
Fabrications by children are particularly common. Children sometimes copy or act out the stories about tampered candy that they overhear, by adding pins to or pouring household cleaners on their candy and then reporting the now-unsafe candy to their parents.[8] In these incidents, the children have not been harmed; they know that the dangerous item is present and that it would be unsafe to eat the candy.
The deaths of five children were initially blamed on stranger poisoning. A key quality of the poisoned candy myths is that the poisoner is a stranger who is indiscriminately murdering children, rather than dying from an unrelated medical condition or being poisoned by a family member. All of these claims were proven false upon investigation; none of them were poisonings by strangers.
7fc3f7cf58