Flexpde 6 32 Keygen Generator
Nelson Suggs
The Center for Superconducting and Magnetic Materials (CSMM), founded at OSU in 1995, has its strongest emphasis on superconducting materials, including their formation and structure as well as their magnetic and electrical properties. CSMM has research programs in various aspects of superconducting materials, including MgB2, Nb3Sn, and YBCO. Phase formation, reactions, diffusion, and microstructure are studied in MgB2 and Nb3Sn, as well as transport, magnetic, and flux pinning. Its activities embody a wide range of Materials Science as well as Engineering topics. Those presently under investigation include: high-pressure/high-temperature study of the Mg-B phase diagram, phase evolution and A15 Nb3Sn formation within the ternary Nb-Sn-Cu diagram, microstructure and critical current density optimization in MgB2 and Nb3Sn superconducting wires, formation and properties (microstructural, electrical, and magnetic) of films formed by pulsed laser deposition, electropolishing characteristics of niobium for superconducting RF (SRF) cavities, and bulge testing of niobium tube in support of a program for hydroforming SRF cavity strings.
The Center for Superconducting and Magnetic Materials (CSMM) has its strongest emphasis on superconducting materials, including their formation and structure as well as their magnetic and electrical properties. CSMM has research programs in various aspects of superconducting materials, including MgB2, Nb3Sn, and YBCO. Phase formation, reactions, diffusion, and microstructure are studied in MgB2 and Nb3Sn, as well as transport, magnetic, and flux pinning. Its activities embody a wide range of Materials Science as well as Engineering topics. Those presently under investigation include: high-pressure/high-temperature study of the Mg-B phase diagram, phase evolution and A15 Nb3Sn formation within the ternary Nb-Sn-Cu diagram, microstructure and critical current density optimization in MgB2 and Nb3Sn superconducting wires, formation and properties (microstructural, electrical, and magnetic) of films formed by pulsed laser deposition, electropolishing characteristics of niobium for superconducting RF (SRF) cavities, and bulge testing of niobium tube in support of a program for hydroforming SRF cavity strings.
Relationship and Connection to Energy Related Topics: Superconducting AC power transmission lines have been pursued by the DOE over the last 10 years (YBCO is the material of interest here), but more recently the focus has moved to either large scale DC links, or to more localized systems, such as fault current limiters. Fault current limiters could be deployed to reduce faults within the US power grid, and also to reduce costs associated with substation upgrades. A push for offshore wind turbine generators has made superconducting based wind turbine generators of interest because of full cost of ownership issues (mostly the cost of the tower and the installation costs). Here YBCO and also MgB2 are strong contenders. Superconducting magnetic energy storage has recently been of interest to ARPA-E, with an emphasis on very high field structures, 30 MJ size. Tokomak fusion machines employ superconductors to contain the plasma. Presently Nb3Sn is used for this, but there is strong interest in MgB2 and YBCO. CSMM presently has programs in fault current limiters, SMES, and fusion conductors, and is actively pursuing programs in wind turbine generators.
Experimental facilities: Within CSMM itself, extensive cryogenic, electrical transport, and magnetic measurement facilities are in use. Part of the Center for Superconducting and Magnetic Materials is the Superconducting Technology Center (SuTC). This center has the aim of encouraging the development of superconducting technology with local (Ohio) and other companies for the development of local high technology industries. As part of the efforts of this center, larger scale testing facilities are available. Conductor development, persistent joint development, and superconducting magnets for Magnetic Resonance Imaging and other specialty applications are being co-developed with local industry.
Within CSMM itself, extensive cryogenic, electrical transport, and magnetic measurement facilities are in use. Part of the Center for Superconducting and Magnetic Materials is the Superconducting Technology Center (SuTC). This center has the aim of encouraging the development of superconducting technology with local (Ohio) and other companies for the development of local high technology industries. As part of the efforts of this center, larger scale testing facilities are available. Conductor development, persistent joint development, and superconducting magnets for Magnetic Resonance Imaging and other specialty applications are being co-developed with local industry.
PPMS With Helium Reliquification: A Quantum Design PPMS allows not only (a) VSM measurements from 4 K to room temperature in fields up to 14 T but (b) heat capacity (c) AC and DC susceptibility (d) AC transport and (e) thermal conductivity. The helium reliquifier attached allows us to minimize helium usage, an important cost control.
Neocera PLD: Neocera Pioneer 180 Complete PLD Laboratory, Includes: Lambda Physik COMPex Pro 102 Laser. 18" spherical vacuum chamber, Automated Six target carrousel with computer controlled, target rastering, 2" radiant substrate heater package with substrate rotation, oxygen compatible, Auto-tuning temperature controller, maximum temperature at substrate: 850C - 150 l/s or better turbopump package, base pressure:
Magnetization Measurement: Magnetization may be measured by vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) in three test stands other than the PPMS. Low Field VSM-I, a LDJ Model 9300 instrument with a 1 T iron-core electromagnet. Low Field VSM-II consisting of a PAR EG&G Model 4500 VSM associated with Janis Varitemp dewars (both liquid helium and liquid nitrogen) and an iron-core electromagnet energized to 1.5 T1.7 T by a Tidewater 65A power supply. High Field VSM also consisting of a PAR EG&G Model 4500 VSM associated with an Oxford cryostat housing a 6.4 cm (cold bore) 9 T superconducting solenoid.
Cryogen Free Magnet for Small Scale Transport Measurements: Room Temperature Bore Cryocooled Magnet. This cryocooled magnet with a field of 9 T in a 60 mm diameter room temperature bore of is be capable of accepting a furnace for magnetic field processing or a varitemp (presently on hand) for property measurement as function of field and temperature.
High Temperature/High Pressure Induction Furnace: A high temperature (2200C) and moderate pressure (1500 psi) furnace which uses RF induction is used to study the phase diagram of superconducting materials.
High Field Magnet Set Up For Transport Property Measurement: High-Current High-Field Jc Measurement is carried out with currents of up to 1,700 A provided by a stack of three HP6681A (0- 8V, 0-580A) power supplies in the field of an Oxford hybrid NbTi/Nb3Sn solenoid excited by an Oxford Model PS120-10 magnet power supply. The maximum field available is 15 T at 4.2 K and 17 T at 2.2 K. We are using a high-current probe with a soldered ITER barrel mounting procedure and with monitored contact resistances. Temperature dependent Jc is measured at currents of up to 220 A in an exchange gas can inserted in the bore of the above Oxford solenoid. Resistive Critical Field (Hirr and Hc2) measurements are made at currents of about 10 mA in a dedicated exchange-gas can also able to be located in the bore of the Oxford solenoid. All instruments are under computer control with programs written in LabView.
Transport Measurements of the Self-Field Critical Current of Large Devices: Available for the measurement of self-field critical current in large coils can is a large open-mouth dewar from Cryofab Inc. This has an inside diameter of 25 in (635 mm) and a working height (below a 18 in, 460 mm, thick plug) of 35 in ((890 mm). Measurements are made as function of temperature above 4 K as the internal structures slowly warm up. Self-field is monitored with a Hall probe.
AC Loss Measurement: Two test stands are housed in a laboratory dedicated to AC loss measurement. Self-Field (Transport-Current) Loss due to AC currents of up to 150 A (peak) at frequencies of up to 500 Hz is measured at 77 K (liquid nitrogen). A lock-up amplifier measures the voltage of the sample in-phase with transport current. External-Field AC Loss is measured in the applied fields of copper wound solenoids and race-track coils of various sizes. A system of pick-up coils connected to a digital oscilloscope records the samples' M-H loops whose areas provide a measurement of the loss per cycle.
CSMM is involved in a number of interdisciplinary activities. First, within MSE, we are working on a program funded by a DOE grant on SRF Accelerating Structures, in this case focusing on electropolishing of Nb surfaces. Also, CSMM is a part of the IRG-2 collaboration (operating under the Center for Emergent Materials (CEM)) which focuses on double perovskite interfaces and heterostructures, the CSMM group has contributed to the fabrication and characterization of double perovskites. Efforts have focused mainly on the creation of double perovskites and potential buffer layers for these spintronic materials.
Presently, the best funding opportunities in the future are federal, notably DOE and ARPA-E, but also other federal agencies. Commercial collaborations are also important opportunities. As the most important federal opportunities are expected to be multidisciplinary in nature, we are investigating internal and external team building.
M.D. Sumption, J. P Murphy, N N. Gheorghiu, T. Haugan, M. Majoros, and E.W. Collings, "AC loss in YBCO Conductors and Cables at High dB/dt Measured using a Spinning Magnet Calorimeter (Stator Testbed Environment)", Coated Conductors for Applications, September 2016.
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