Here is more info on the use case. I do have a graph composed of vertices. Vertices belong to some owner object. it must be quick to lookup the owner of a vertex, or to get the list of vertex for some owner. The relation between Owner and Vertex is one to many. Holding a reference to the owner inside the vertex is inelegant, because it creates a dependency between a Vertex, that is pure graph class and domain dependent owner class.
Bidirectional map for many-to-many relationship is probably the most general case, thought.
Cheers,
Francis