The Exploring Family

[Marion Georgi]

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Purpose: Although the intensive care unit (ICU) diary has been proposed as a tool for preventing psychiatric symptoms in survivors of critical illness, relatives and health care providers may benefit from it too. This study aims to summarize the current qualitative evidence on families' and health care professionals' experiences of writing in and reading the ICU diaries.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, OVID, Embase, and EBSCOhost from inception to February 2021, and included all the studies that presented any qualitative finding regarding relatives' and health care providers' experiences of writing in and reading an ICU diary. We used modified Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) and Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative Research (CERQual) for quality assessment. A thematic synthesis approach was used to analyze and synthesize the qualitative data.

Results: Twenty-eight studies were analyzed (15 including family members and 13 including health care professionals). For family members, the ICU diary is an important source of medical information, provides a way for them to register their presence at patient's bedside and express their feelings, and contributes to humanizing the ICU staff. This impression is shared by relatives of patients who did not survive critical illness. Health care providers believe the diary is beneficial for themselves and others; however, they are concerned with possible negative impressions from patients and family that could lead to judicial problems. They also remark on several obstacles they face when constructing the diaries (workload, creativity, and environment for writing), which can make it a distressful process.

Conclusion: This qualitative synthesis shows that family members and health care professionals consider the ICU diary a valuable intervention. It also brings evidence to challenges faced during diary writing, which should be carefully approached in order to reduce the stress associated with this process.

Background: Dental fear and anxiety (DFA) is a major issue affecting children's oral health and clinical management. This study investigates the association between children's DFA and family related factors, including parents' DFA, parenting styles, family structure (nuclear or single-parent family), and presence of siblings.

Methods: A total of 405 children (9-13 years old) and their parents were recruited from 3 elementary schools in Hong Kong. Child's demographic and family-related information was collected through a questionnaire. Parents' and child's DFA were measured by using the Corah Dental Anxiety Scale (CDAS) and Children Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS), respectively. Parenting styles were gauged by using the Parent Authority Questionnaire (PAQ).

Conclusions: Family structure (nuclear or single-parent family) and presence of siblings are significant determinants for children's DFA. Parental DFA and parenting style do not affect children's DFA significantly.

If you want to join other families who are excited about local adventures, we welcome you to join our Peel Parents Resource. This group is made up of families just like yours who want to enjoy local activities and go on adventures as a family.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the experience(s) of family with the nursing aspects of End-of-life care in the intensive care unit after a decision to end life-sustaining treatment, and to describe what nursing care was most appreciated and what was lacking.

Method: A phenomenological approach including inductive thematic analysis was used. Twenty-six family members of deceased critically ill-patients were interviewed within two months after the patient's death about their experiences with nursing aspects of end-of-life care in the intensive care unit.

Findings: Most family members experienced nursing contribution to end-of-life care of the patient and themselves, especially supportive care. Families mentioned the following topics: Communication between intensive care nurses, critically ill patients and family; Nursing care for critically ill patients; Nursing care for families of critically ill patients; Pre-conditions. Families appreciated that intensive care nurses were available at any time and willing to answer questions. But care was lacking because families had for example, a sense of responsibility for obtaining information, they had problems to understand their role in the decision-making process, and were not invited by nurses to participate in the care.

Conclusions: Most family appreciated the nursing EOLC they received, specifically the nursing care given to the patient and themselves. Some topics needed more attention, like information and support for the family.

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My friend Angela Childers let me tag along on the most incredible trip to Thailand where she and her family immersed themselves in the unique culture, explored the breathtaking landscapes, visited historical landmarks and engaged in thrilling activities.

Over the last several decades, family composition in the United States has changed and more diversity is present in terms of family structure. Currently, children live in a wide range of family structures that differ according to the number of parents (e.g., two parents versus single parent) and types of parents (e.g., biological versus step) present, as well as the relationships between those parents (e.g., marriage versus cohabitation). Still other children live with no parents and instead reside with grandparents or other caregivers.

The Marriage Strengthening Research & Dissemination Center (MAST Center) conducts research on marriage and romantic relationships in the United States and on healthy marriage and relationship education programs. As the MAST Center winds down, we are starting to include MAST content on childtrends.org.

Parent/relationship type: Parental relationship types are either biological, adoptive, or step. Non-parental relationship types include grandparent, other relative, non-relative, or foster.

Located at the southern end of Stearns Park Beach, we walked a half-mile to The North Breakwater Light. We had great views of boats passing by, but I can imagine how amazing this would look watching the sunset or the S.S. Badger sail by. The Light is open for tours during the summer and for a $5 donation you can climb to the top.

At the suggestion of the Port of Maritime Ludington executive director, Rick Plummer, who mentioned that heading to the Waterfront Sculpture Park would be a neat experience to enjoy with the family especially around the time the S.S. Badger docks for the evening. So we grabbed our cones from House of Flavors (read all about it in our next post) and took a stroll around the park, checking out a few of the 9 bronze statues depicting the history of Ludington.

And you need to visit Avenues End Mini Mall and see what nearly twenty local vendors have waiting to be discovered. How about a two hour wind turbine tour with Genes Ventures. Stand under one and look straight up, hear about the hydroelectric plant and some local history.

A developmental approach to delinquency acknowledges adolescent offending as occurring in the context of a period of life where individuals tend to exercise poor judgment and take risks, which in turn can result in higher frequencies of offending. Delinquent behaviours during adolescence have been regarded as evolving from a normative endeavour to establish independence and from the development of identity (Barbot & Hunter, 2012; Moffitt, 1993). It has been suggested that most delinquent adolescents desist from offending merely as a result of maturation, even if timing and trajectories of desistance varies (Laub & Sampson, 2001). Desistance in delinquents has also been considered as a part of the transition to adulthood. One way which this transition is assumed to be achieved by is the development of identity. The presumption is that the occurrence of change in delinquency is a result of a successful transition into adulthood where the continued criminal activity becomes incompatible with a mature identity (Massoglia & Uggen, 2010). Female offenders are less underrepresented in the group of offenders where the offending is a part of a normative development and limited to adolescence, than among offenders with more pronounced behavioural problems that are at risk of life long criminality (Odgers et al., 2008).

As mentioned previously only limited research has sampled this group of offenders (Andersson et al., 2013; Nilsson & Estrada, 2009; Odgers et al., 2008; Roisman et al., 2010). The results from these studies indicate that although these individuals do not display persistent criminality in adulthood, they do have other difficulties in life (Nilsson & Estrada, 2009; Odgers et al., 2008). For example, longitudinal studies conducted on females with adolescent limited offending indicate adjustment problems across multiple dimensions in adulthood, including mental health, substance dependence and educational deficits (Moffitt, 2001; Odgers et al., 2008; Roisman et al., 2010). On the other hand, other studies have found contradictory results, where a longitudinal study on a Swedish sample of female offenders showed that the adolescent limited group was quite similar to the females in the non-criminal group after entering adulthood (Andersson, Levander, Svensson, & Torstensson Levander 2012; Andersson et al., 2013). Given these inconclusive findings, and the lack of qualitative studies in particular, there is a need for further research on adolescent offenders where the behaviour can be regarded as a part of a normative development (Piquero et al., 2013). Although the majority of adolescents who commit crimes, have limited delinquency where their offences leads to non-custodial sanction, the emerging knowledge base is mostly limited.

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