Hosts Editor
Tingting Gao
Windows includes a local "Hosts" file that contains domain names and matching IP addresses, acting as a map to identify and locate hosts on IP networks. Every time you visit a website, your computer will check the hosts file first to see which IP address it connects to. If the information is not there, your internet service provider will look into the Domain Name Server (DNS) for the resources to load the site.The Hosts File Editor provides a convenient way to edit the hosts file. This can be useful for scenarios like migrating a website to a new hosting provider or domain name, which may take a 24-48 hour period of downtime. Creating a custom IP address to associate with your domain using the hosts file can enable you to see how it will look on the new server.
Hosts File Editor creates a backup of the hosts file before editing session. The backup files are located near the hosts file in %SystemRoot%\System32\drivers\etc named hosts_PowerToysBackup_YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.
Still, when I run notepad c:\windows\system32\drivers\etc\hosts, edit the file, and try to save, it won't let me. If I run notepad as administrator first, then open the file, I can save without problems.
But, why, after the measurements I have taken, isn't my user regarded as an administrator user? What am I missing here, in order to make my user an actual administrator (and not just a regular user with some fancy label in user accounts)?
As what was explained to you earlier, you are an Administrator user. You can go through the effort to change this but it comes with a lot of risks. To make a comparison: you do not applications on Linux with "root" regularly but instead elevate with the "su" command or by logging in as "root."
The problem is actually very simple: in Windows 10 the hosts file is read-only by default. This means that even if you can access it with administrative privileges, you still cannot write to it.Furthermore (at least on my machine) this means that editing a copy as others suggested won't work, because it will be read-only too!
Then you can freely edit the hosts file with your favourite text editor (running it as an administrator). Remember to re-set the read-only bit after you're done to prevent other applications from modifying it without your knowledge.
Check your firewall settings. I just recently came across this issue. Only user of my PC and could not get that hosts file to cooperate. Tried to delete and antivirus pops up telling me it has protected me. I use Avira, so I into my real-time protection configuration, check the security tab and "Protect windows hosts file from changes." is on by default. I uncheck, apply, do my change, then check it back and apply. No issue at all once that option was unchecked.
You can use local user manager (C:\windows\system32\lusrmgr.msc) to remove yourself from the users group and only be present in the administrators group - but this may cause more hassle than its worth.
You could always take this one step further and launch cmd as an admin, from cmd - you can launch "taskmgr" and then kill and re-open "explorer.exe". Since taskmgr is running as an admin - processed launched under this context (explorer.exe - WINDOWS!) will also be in a pure administrator context - HOWEVER, this comes with a whole myriad of warnings:
Changing the access rights for the User group to full control for the hosts file allowed me to save it without having to run stuff as administrator. The fact that my account is an administrator, and the administrators had full control of the file didn't allow me to edit it. Makes no sense. Go Windows!
To find out what program is locking the file, I recommend a small utility called Unlocker by Cedrick Collomb. The download is no longer available on the author's website, but I was able to obtain it from Softpedia.
I'm new at Linux and I just download Ubuntu 12.04 LTS. I found a spot that showed me how join my Windows Active Directory. It has me add couple lines into the 'hosts' but I'm not able to edit the file because I do not have the permission. I'm not the owner. I use chmod with it rwx and still it will not let edit the file. How do you change the permission? Thanks
The easiest way (most GUI) would be to use gedit. You could also use any other editor you prefer (e.g. nano or vi). Just run the editor as root using sudo and you're good to go! You need to pass 1 argument: the path to the file you want to edit (in this case /etc/hosts).
You should use sudo -i (nano for text-based or gedit for graphical) /etc/hosts. By default normal users should not be able to edit the hosts file. Changing the ownership of hosts is not the right thing to do.
As already answered hosts is just a text file so you can use any text editor. Since it exists in /etc and you cannot edit as general user you need to use sudo. The graphical frontend to sudo is gksu. So basically doing gksu YOUR_GRAPHICAL_EDITOR /etc/hosts will do it OR you can use terminal with nano and vim. I recommend nano as it is quite easy.
When I open C:\Windows\System32\Drivers\etc\hosts in Notepad++ or any other text editor, make changes and attempt to save, I get a dialog that tells me "Save failed: Please check if this file is opened in another program."
I can't think of what would be using it (other than a browser, IIS, and Windows Defender). I've never encountered this problem in Windows 7. I have used Process Explorer to try and identify any processes that are currently using the hosts file, but when I search Process Explorer for the "Handle or DLL substring" 'hosts' it doesn't return anything. I've looked around Process Explorer to see if there is any other way to search for processes consuming the file, but haven't had any luck.
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