Apps Script is designed to allow interface to Google products. So your best bet is to either use Python, or Puppeteer to do the actual scraping, and then write results to a google sheet using the REST API.
I wouldn't try to use Apps script for the actual scraping. Instead, I would create a sheet-based webapp that has a doPost function that accepts an object and parses the object into the sheet. You wouldn't even need the sheets
REST API for that. I don't know if there are any examples out there for this kind of thing. Check out
Laurence Svekis' youtube channel; he has a ton of stuff, and may cover writing to a sheet from an external source.